Improvement of plant propagation in tropical problem-soils

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Survey of weeds in the salinized areas in Northeast Thailand was conducted with cooperation of Kasesart University for the purpose of collecting the useful genetic resources to improve the vegetation in the problem soils of the tropical monsoon areas which have the dry and rainy seasons in a year. Salt-tolerant weeds were utilized to develop the propagatinal technique and to select the fortified plants in salt tolerance. Furthermore, the collected plants were studied for clarifying the mechanism of salt tolerance and salt damage biochemically and evaluating the effectiveness in greening the salt-affected soil.1.Survey of weeds tolerant to salinity : Weeds and soil characteristics of 17 areas of 7 provinces (Nakhonrachasima, Mahasarakam, Khon Kaen, Skonnakhon, Udonthani, Surin, and Srisaket) were surveyed. Totally, 33 families and 132 species were identified and 27 families and 79 species of them were remained alive at high salinity soils more than 2mS/cm in EC value.2.Selection of salt-tolerant plants : Some of the calli induced from vetivar Vetivara zizani coides Nash) plant showed high salt tolerance even under 1.5% salt concentration. They were regenerated successfully and tested in the salinity soil to conform the maintenance of salt tolerance.3.Mechanism of salt tolerance : Comparison between salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive biotypes of Imperata sylindrica and indica and japonica rice varieties, respectively, were conducted to clarify the biochemical mechanism by investigating the absorption and disrtibution of salt, compatible solutes, and scavenging system of activated oxygen.4.Adaptibility of salt-tolerant weeds to salinity soil : The collected weeds tolerant to salt stress were tested in the salt-affected field of Kasesart University and data are collecting to evaluate the effectiveness of herbaceous weeds in restoring vegetation and influence on the micro-envirnment including soil characteristics.