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Comparative study on the morphological and physiological growth change in the higher non-human primates within a peri-adolescent period.

高等非人灵长类动物青春期形态和生理生长变化的比较研究。

基本信息

批准号：
06640925
负责人：
HAMADA Yuzuru
金额：
$ 1.34万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY (1995-1996)Okayama University of Science (1994)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

We examined a hypothesis that the fatness is a key for initiating the adolescent growth in the higher primates including human, which is measured by, for example percent fat accumulated. As for the first step, we analyzed the cross-sectional somatic growth data of the Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) and chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Growth curves, distance and velocity curves of skeletal development in the chimpanzees in terms of TW2 maturation scores, showed that the curves look much like those of humans but with the short "juvenile phase" of delayd development period, and with the longer period from the age at peak velocity to that at the full maturation.Physical change with growth was examined for Japanese macaques, from the view point of physique index which we have devised, and skinfold thickness which indicates the relative amount of subcutaneous fat accumulation. The physique index wihch is calculated from body weight and anterior trunk length is ca.100 at birth in both sexe … More s and approximately 110 in adult females and 120 in adult males. The index decreases with age from infantile period by the beginning of adolescent period, to 90 in males and 95 in females. It turns to rapidly increase in the two sexes from three and four years of age in females and males respectively to four and five years of age respectively. Thus, the phenomenon that the physique becomes fatty in the adolescent period which has been found for humans is also found in Japanese monkeys. Time order in the physique change and the beginning of puberty should be studied longitudinally because the difference in the ages of the two phenomena might be little (probably three or six months). Cross-sectional analyzes could not show clearly whether the subcutaneous fat is accumulated in the period of adolescence.Longitudinal growth study was made on Japanese monkeys with the collection of data by short interval. The study showed that the seasonal growth acceleration/deceleration and the adolescent spurt-like accelerated growth are overlapped with each other, but the latter comes earlier than the puberty (reproductive maturation) which occurred at 3.5 and 4.5 years of age in females and in males respectively. Both of physique index and skinfold thickness increase preceding puberty from summer to the beginning of winter.Next step of the peri-adolescent growth study is to analyze quantitatively the body composition, not only relatively but also absolutely including the measurement of whole body fat. Less

我们研究了一个假设，即肥胖是包括人类在内的高等灵长类动物青春期生长的关键，可以通过例如积累的脂肪百分比来衡量。第一步，我们分析了日本猕猴（Macaca fuscata）和黑猩猩（Pan troglodytes）的横截面体细胞生长数据。从TW2成熟分数来看，黑猩猩骨骼发育的生长曲线、距离和速度曲线显示，这些曲线看起来很像人类的曲线，但发育期延迟的“幼年期”较短，并且从峰值速度年龄到完全成熟的时间较长。从我们设计的体质指数的角度，检查了日本猕猴随生长的体质变化，皮褶厚度表示皮下脂肪堆积的相对量。根据体重和前躯干长度计算得出的体质指数，男女出生时约为 100，成年女性约为 110，成年男性约为 120。该指数从婴儿期到青春期开始随着年龄的增长而下降，男性为90，女性为95。在两性中，从女性和男性分别为三岁和四岁到四岁和五岁，该值迅速增加。因此，在人类中发现的青春期体质变胖的现象在日本猴子中也发现了。体质变化和青春期开始的时间顺序应该纵向研究，因为这两种现象的年龄差异可能很小（可能是三六个月）。横断面分析不能清楚地表明青春期皮下脂肪是否积累。对日本猴进行纵向生长研究，以短时间间隔收集数据。研究表明，季节性生长加速/减速与青春期井喷式加速生长相互重叠，但后者早于青春期（生殖成熟），女性和男性分别为3.5岁和4.5岁。从夏季到冬季初，体质指数和皮褶厚度均在青春期前增加。青春期前后生长研究的下一步是对身体成分进行定量分析，不仅是相对的，而且是绝对的，包括全身脂肪的测量。较少的