Pathology and Molecular Evolution of HTLV in Asia

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The purpose of this resesrch is to clarify the HTLV/STLV infection in Asia and we conducted the molecular epidemiological search and analyzed pathogenic relations of HLA.1) STLV-I positive cases were newly detected on 3 orangutans and 1 gibbon in Indonesia. Genetic analysis showed STLV-I of orangutan was quite variable and made two clusters in phylogenetictree. It is not likely that Melanesian group of HTLV-I directly came from orangutan although the group belongs to big Asian STLV-I group. 2) Seroscreening for HTLV-I was carried out in India (400 blood donors in Kelara, 20 HAM/TSP patients in karnataka), Malaysia (50 donors in Kelantan, Northern Malaysia) , Thailand (20 T-lymphoma patients in Songkhula, Southern Thailand) and Indonesia (220 Iryanese, Inryan Jaya). HTLV was not endemic among none of the ethnic groups tested. 3) In order to study molecular phylogenetic relationships among the HTLV isolates, genomic DNAs were extracted from lymphocytes of seropositive subjects in India, Andra Pradesh, and used as templates in PCR studies. provirus genome was detected in two independent families in Andra Pradesh. The lymphocytes were cultured in the presence of IL-2. After six months in culture, cells expressing HTLV specific antigens showed proliferation. 4) About 200 samples from Pakistan and Afghanistan including minority of mountain area, about 900 samples from Azerbaijan, and about 900 samples from Altai were screened and resulted in all negative for HTLV-I.5) HLA typing of HAM/TSP patients from Mashhadi Jews showed high prevalence of B52 type, supporting the important relations of the tupe to HTLV-I pathogenesis.