Preservation of cut carnation flowers by the use of chemicals without environmental toxicity

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(1) Effect of pre-harvest application of alpha-aminoisobutyrate (AIB) on the vase-life of cut carnation flowers.AIB,an analog of the ethylene precursor ACC,inhibits the the production of ethylene and lengthen the vase-life of cut carnation flowers. When AIB was administered to the roots of carnation plants before their flower opening, it was absorbed and transfered to flowers and prolonged the vase-life of the flowers.(2) Inhibition by ACBC of ACC oxidase obtained from senescing carnation petals.ACC oxidase was partially purified and characterized for its optimum pH (7-7.5), requirements for cofactors (Fe^<2+>, ascorbate, NaHCO_3), and Km for ACC (111-115 muM) and molecular mass (35kDa). ACBC (1-aminocyclobutane-1-carboxylate) competitively inhibited the action of the enzyme with Ki of 20-31 muM.ACBC and its N-substituted derivatives could lengthen the shelf-life of cut carnation flowers.(3) Mode of action of 1,1-dimethyl-4- (phenylsulfonyl) semicarbazide (DPSS)DPSS is a novel antisenescent presevative for cut carnation flowers. DPSS inhibits ethylene production from the flowers, resulting in lengthening thier vase-life. We revealed that DPSS did not inhibt the in vitro activities of ACC oxidase and ACC synthase obtained form senescing carnation petals. These findings indicated that DPSS has a unique mode of action, which is different from those of currently-known preservatives.