The Influence of the Linguistic Situation of the North-Eastern Eurasia on the Middle Mongolian

欧亚大陆东北部语言形势对中蒙古语的影响

• 批准号: 07610515
• 负责人: HIGUCHI Koichi
• 金额: $ 0.96万
• 依托单位: Ehime University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1995 至 1996
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07610515/
• 关键词: The Mongol Empire; Middle Mongolian; Language Contact; 東北ユーラシアの言語状況

This project aims to clarify the linguistic situation of the Mongols during the reign of the Mongol Empire, namely from the 13th to the 14th century, in view of loanwords of various origins found in the literature of this period. We can see many borrowed forms in the works of this period, especially in the Buddhist literature. Their ultimate origin is Indic and the forms have distorted shapes, which reflects the differences of introducing routes into Mongolic, so we can tell through what paths the Mongols had borrowed them. In some cases, the Mongols introduced them by way of Uighur and in turn the Uighur equivalents were loans from Tocharian ; in some cases the Mongols borrowed them from Tibetan and in other from Chinese. But seemingly loans are not always pure borrowings. Cafeful inspection on the lines of Mongolian versions of Saddharmapundarika, Ratnajali and Gosmgavyakarana shows us the presence of fabricated loanwords ; namely, based on the Tibetan form, the Mongols had produced, according to the general tendencies of the distortions, Uighur-like words which seem to have originated from Indic but are in fact far from pure Uighur loans. This phenomenon is testimony of the linguistic situation with which the Mongols faced during the period under the overwhelming influences of Indic and Uighur.

本项目旨在通过在蒙古帝国统治时期，即13世纪至14世纪的文献中发现的各种来源的外来词，阐明蒙古人的语言状况。我们可以在这一时期的作品中看到许多借用的形式，特别是在佛教文学中。它们的最终起源是印度语，形式有扭曲的形状，这反映了传入蒙古语的路线的差异，因此我们可以判断蒙古人是通过什么途径借用它们的。但似乎贷款并不总是纯粹的借款。这一现象证明了蒙古人在印度语和维吾尔语的压倒性影响下所面临的语言状况。

项目成果

Koichi HIGUCHI: "Mongolian Versions of Gosrngavyakarana" Proceedings of the 37th Meeting of P.I.A.C. (印刷中). (1996)

Koichi Higuchi：“蒙古语版本的 Gosrngavyakarana”P.I.A.C. 第 37 次会议记录（正在出版）。

"HIGUCHI,Koichi" uker-unagula or Mongolian Versions of the Gosringavya kar ana. Proceedings of the 38th Permanent International Altoistic Conference. 26-39 (1996)

“HIGUCHI，Koichi” uker-unagula 或 Gosringavya kar ana 的蒙古语版本。

Koichi HIGUCHI: "Mongolian Versions of Saddharmapundarika" Zentralasiatische Studien. 26. 29-41 (1996)

Koichi Higuchi：“蒙古语版本的Saddharmapundarika”Zentralasiatische Studien。

HIGUCHI, Koichi: "satavaki badiri : a pseudo Sanskrit form in the Mongolian Ratnajali" Eurasian Studies Yearbook. 68. 9-25 (1996)

Higuchi, Koichi：“satavaki badiri：蒙古 Ratnajali 中的伪梵文形式”欧亚研究年鉴。

Koichi HIGUCHI: "sartavaki badiri : apseudo-Sanskrit form in Mongolian Ratnajali" Eurasian Studies Yearbook. 2. 36-48 (1996)

Koichi Higuchi：“sartavaki badiri：蒙古Ratnajali中的伪梵文形式”欧亚研究年鉴。