Multilingualism in the Mongol Empire

蒙古帝国的多语种体现在不同民族僧侣从藏文原文翻译成蒙古文的蒙古文佛教著作中，尽管是间接的。其中一人是乌斯尼萨维亚贾亚，其批评文本是由调查员汇编的。就这个项目的主题而言，他们再次成为焦点。这项研究于1997年7月在匈牙利布达佩斯举行的第31届亚洲和北非研究国际会议上发表。蒙古文版《文殊》也在其中；调查人员重点介绍了这部作品的两个新发现的手稿，这两个手稿具有语言和文献学价值，并于1998年7月在芬兰马特维克举行的第41届常设国际阿尔泰学会议上报告了结果。他还在1998年10月在韩国首尔举行的第三届韩国阿尔泰学会国际会议上宣读了一篇以蒙古族佛教作品为线索讨论蒙古帝国多种语言遗产的论文，并将发表在该学会发行的《阿拉泰学报》第11期上。1998年12月在京都大学语言论坛第48届会议上发表的另一篇论文，从学术角度阐述了蒙古帝国的多种语言及其社会历史背景。

The multilingualism of the Mongol Empire is reflected, although indirectly, in lines of Mongolian Buddhist works translated from the Tibetan originals into Mongolian by monks of various ethnicity. One of them is Usnisavijaya, whose criticized texts were compiled by the investigator. They were in focus again in terms of the theme of this project. The research was presented at the 31 st International Conference of Asian and North African Studies held at Budapest, Hungary in July, 1997. Mongolian versions of Manjusrinamasangiti are also among them ; the investigator spotlighted two newly discovered manuscripts of this work which arc of linguistic and philological value and the result was reported at the 41st meeting of the Parmanent International Altaistic Conference held at Majvik, Finland in July, 1998. He also read a paper discussing relics of the multilingualsim of the Mongol Empire in lines of Mongolian Buddhist works at the 3rd International Conference of the Korean Altaic Society held at Seoul, Korea in October, 1998 and it will be published in Altai Hakpo 11 issued by the Society. Another paper which gave an academic light on the multilingualism as well as its social and historical background of the Mongol Empire was presented at the 48th meeting of the Linguistic Forum of Kyoto University in December 1998.