S STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF CHEWING UPON THE PHYSICAL & MENTAL DEVELOPMENT FROM THE CENTRAL NEURAL SYSTEM

最新的研究显示了咀嚼与整体健康之间的关系。我们以前报道过脑组胺通过下丘脑腹内侧核调节饱足，通过中脑三叉神经核调节咀嚼功能。为了研究咀嚼与一般健康的关系，我们在每天0800 - 2000小时（12:12小时的光-暗循环）的昼夜节律分析箱中测量了饲喂颗粒或液体饲料的WKA大鼠的生理摄食行为。评估了以下参数：食物和液体饮食的膳食量，水的摄入量，活动量和卡路里摄入量，根据光明和黑暗时期的膳食量计算。通过手术给遥测大鼠植入测量活动、体温和心率的发射器。比较两组小鼠自发进食前后的体温、心率等指标。试验期间，两组仔猪体重增加量无显著差异。与颗粒饲料相比，液体饲料喂养的大鼠在光照期的热量摄入增加。在光照期和暗期，液体饲料组的平均温度均高于颗粒饲料组。颗粒组在开始饲喂后30 min温度升高，而液体日粮组在开始饲喂后30 min温度一度下降，随后又在开始饲喂后30 min温度升高。两组在开始喂养后15 min心率均有所升高。上述结果提示，不同食物稠度的微丸和流质日粮在大鼠咀嚼时可能会产生不同的口腔感觉，对大鼠消化过程和代谢产生不同的影响。

Latest studies have shown the relationship between mastication and general health. We previously reported brain histamine modulates satiation through the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus and masticatory function through the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus. To examine the involvement of mastication to general health, we measured the physiological feeding behavior of the WKA rats fed with pellets or liquid diet in the circadian analyzing box illuminated daily from 0800 to 2000 h (a 12 : 12-h light-dark cycle). The following parameters mentioned below were evaluated : a size of the meal with food and liquid diet, water intake, activity and caloric intake calculated from meal size in both light- and dark-period. The telemetry rats were surgically implanted with transmitters which measured activity, temperature and heart rate. Variables, temperature and heart rate, before and after a spontaneous feeding were compared between two groups. There were no difference of the increases of body weight between two groups during the experiment period. The caloric intake in light period increased in the rats fed liquid diet compared to that of the rats fed with pellets. The average temperature in the liquid diet group were higher than that in the pellet group in both light- and dark-period. While the temperature increased in the pellet group in 30 min after initiation of feeding, it once decreased in 15 mine and then increased in 30 min after initiation of feeding in the liquid diet group. The heart rate increased in 15 min after start of feeding in both groups.These findings suggest that pellets and liquid diet which have the different food consistency suppose to induce different oral sensation at the mastication and have different effects on the digestive process and metabolism in rats.