Research into Regional and Generational Differences in Language Behavior in Modern Society

我们使用全国通用的问卷进行了一项关于语言行为各个方面的调查。我们能够获得有关购物行为和请求行为的有趣结果。我们发现的分布模式，对应于过去的研究结果，在其他语言类别的东西对立。在没有发现任何较大分布模式的地区，发现了其他更精细的区域变化模式。即使在一个都道府县内部，城市化或地方社会结构的差异也显示出“社会地域差异”，而传统的“地理地域差异”则被掩盖了.一般来说，地区方言差异正在减弱，在我们的数据中，我们也发现语言行为的地区差异正在减少。然而，虽然区域差异被发现在年轻的发言者中消失了一些功能，其他功能显示，年轻的发言者保留了这种变化。与邻居关系等熟悉程度因素以及手势等非语言交流因素之间存在较强的相关性。研究发现，在年轻人中，礼貌用语也被用作敬语。特别是在近畿地区，由于各种因素的连锁反应，“治疗表达”水平大幅提高。

We conducted a survey concerning various aspects of language behavior using a common nationwide questionnaire. We were able to obtain interesting results concerning shopping behavior and request behavior.1. We discovered distribution patterns which correspond to past findings in other linguistic categories of an east-west opposition. Other finer patterns of regional variation were discovered in areas which did not reveal any larger distribution patterns. Even within a single prefecture, differences in urbanization or local social structure revealed "socio-regional differences" which overshadowed traditional "geo-regional differences".2. Regional dialect differences in general are said to be waning, and in our data also, we found a decrease in regional differences in language behavior. However, while regional variation was found to be disappearing among younger speakers with some features, other features revealed that younger speakers were retaining this variation.3. Strong correlations were found with degree of familiarity factors such as the relationships with one's neighbors, as well as with nonverbal communication factors such as gestures.4. It was found that among younger speakers, polite expressions were used as honorific expressions as well. The Kinki region particularly showed a strong increase in the level of "treatment expression" caused by a chain reaction of various factors.