MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDY OF VIBRIO CHOLERA IN INDONESIA

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This study has been aimed to determine etiological agents of diarrheal diseases, especially prevalence of Vibrio cholerae in Indonesia, and assess application of molecular techniques in epidemiologic setting. Following results ware obtained in study.(1) In a research trip to Bali island, Indonesia between August and September 1996, no Vibrio cholerae was isolated from diarrheal patients, in the communities because of dry season there in such period. Stools from 8 Japanese tourists with symptoms related to acute gastroenteritis (diarreal patients) and without symptoms were obtained for bacteriological exam. Vibrio fluvioris from 4 patients, Vibrio mimicus from 1, Salmonella typhimurium from 1 and pathogenic Escherichia coli from 2 were found. One healthy person with no symptom had pathogenic E.coli.(2) Water obtained from tap in some hotels and houses in the communities ware examined for bacterial contamination. Vibrio fluvioris, Enterobacter spp., Enterococcus spp.were isolated from all samples, indicating possibility of disseminated fecal contamination of drinking water. Moreover, Vibrio fluvioris, Vibrio mimicus, Enterobacter spp., Enterococcus spp.Citrobacter spp.were also isolated from a lot of foods served by some restaurants, indicating inappropriate hygiene on cooking. However, no Vibrio cholerae was isolated from any samples.(3) By a collaboration with Kansai Airport Quarantine station, prevalence of Vibrio cholerae was assessed in diarrheal stools from the tourists from Indonesia. No Vibrio cholerae was found.Consequently, Vibrio cholerae were not found in any exam.attemped, however, some related Vibrio spp.strains were found from the enviroments including tap water and foods and the patients with diarrea. These results suggest that potential existace of Vibrio cholerae in Bali island.. Further investigations focusing on wet season would be warranted.