Isolation and analyzes of HIV・HTLV related viruses from humans and monkeys in Africa

非洲人类和猴子中 HIV/HTLV 相关病毒的分离和巢穴

• 批准号: 08041173
• 负责人: HAYAMI Masanori
• 金额: $ 6.53万
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1996 至 1997
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08041173/
• 关键词: AIDS; Africa; HIV; SIV; HTLV; Cameroon; Congo; molecular epidemiology; 中央アフリカ; 重感染; リコンビネーション; ピグミー; チンパンジー

HIV and HTLV,the causative human retroviruses of AIDS and adult T-cell leukemia respectively, and their simian counterpart viruses comprise the primate retrovirus group. The goal of the present study is to clarify the whole strucure of this viral group by molecular epidemiological surveys of the respective viruses together with analyzes on their origin, evolution and dissemination. We have been directing our reseach attention to the central part of Africa from where numerous viruses heve originated. During 1996 to 1998, we conducted the serosurveys in Cameroon and Congo and subsequently carried out phylogenetic analyzes of the positive specimens. The results obtained were :1) In central Africa, there were a variety of HIV-1 subtypes (A to J) plus group O,the subtype A being the predominant, and the frequency of mixed-infections was very high (10%).2) The prevalences of HIV-1 subtypes G and H in Congo were 21% (6 out of 28 specimens examined) respectively and these values were next to subtype A (11/28,39%).3) The central genomic regions of two subtype Gisolates, one of which was previously isolated from Ghana and another was from Congo, were sequenced and the both virsuses were commonly found to be A/G recombinants though the genomic mosaicism was different between them, suggesting the possibility of at least two incidences of the viral appearance in terms of time and place.4) A Cameroonian AIDS patient (female, 25 y) was found to be a case of triple infection and the viral genomes are comprised of at least 4 different mosaic patterns of HIV-1 group O and subtypes A and D.HTLV-1 was isolated from Bantus and Pygmys and their sequences were compared with those from other areas in the world.

HIV和HTLV，分别是AIDS和成人T细胞白血病的致病性人类逆转录病毒，以及它们的猿类对应病毒组成灵长类逆转录病毒组。本研究的目的是通过对各病毒的分子流行病学调查以及对它们的起源、进化和传播的分析，阐明该病毒群的整体结构。我们一直把研究的注意力放在非洲中部，那里有许多病毒。1996 ~ 1998年，我们在喀麦隆和刚果进行了血清学调查，并对阳性标本进行了系统发育分析。获得的结果是：1）中非存在多种HIV-1亚型（A至J）和O型，其中A亚型占优势，混合感染率很高（10%）; 2）刚果的HIV-1亚型G和H的流行率为21% 28例标本中有6例与A亚型相近（11/28，39%）。3）对加纳和刚果分离的两株G亚型病毒进行基因组中部序列测定，发现两株病毒均为A/G重组体，但基因组嵌合现象不同。这表明在时间和地点上至少有两次病毒出现的可能性。4）一名喀麦隆艾滋病患者（女，25 y）被发现是一个三重感染的病例，病毒基因组由至少4种不同的HIV-1 O组和亚型A和D的嵌合模式组成。从班特斯和俾格米鼠中分离到一个新的cDNA序列，并与世界其他地区的cDNA序列进行了比较。

项目成果

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