Social and Cultural Change of Rural Society in North Okinawa, Yanbaru

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Since 1995, there has risen the local residents' campaign which ask the reduction and transference of American military bases demanded by the Japan-U.S. security treaty system in Okinawa Pref.. The most important issue was the problem of transference of Futenma air field in Ginowan city to other Okinawa district. Ginowan city is the strategic base for the regional development of Okinawa planned by prefectual government. Futenma is the nuclear naval base of U.S. army and is dangerous base because of its location in the urban milieu of Ginowan city.Japan-U.S. government planned Nago city at the north of Okinawa island as the candidate ground of the transference of the base. In Nago, the local referendum was done, and residents refused the transference of the base to Nago. The governments' plan was deadlocated, but is not given up until now.This study made field survey and analyzed the all process of residents' campaign and countermeasures of national and prefectual governments. The refer … More endum was social acts by which the residents' selection was done. The core of the problem in that selection was a conflict by which two meaning worlds fought for validity. One is the meaning world formed by the request of Japan-U.S. government which aimed at the establishing the new Japan-U.S. security treaty system concluded in 1995. The other was the one formed by the request of residents' lives environmental maintenance and wish for peace taking roots into the Okinawa's social war experiences.It is the close linkage between two problems, military base and regional development, that made the problem complicated. The government showed the posture that the measures supporting regional development would be contingent on the base acceptance.There were large economical and social differentials between Japanese mainland and Okinawa, and among regions of Okinawa. Regional development was strongly desired by all residents of all regions in Okinawa. Moreover, there are various regions with various characteristic owing to natural and historical differences.They said "regional" development and mind of the "region" etc. from the viewpoint of various regions. Regions was the third sources of the formation of meaning world which drive residents to social acts.This study investigated the social and economical bases of various arguments considering social and economical change of Okinawa and the characteristics of the social and cultural structure of village-town community. This study clarified special importance of plural regions in forming public world of meaning which was formed on various discussions based on regional background. Less