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An Empirical Study of the Double Structure of Teacher Training System : A Case in a Local Area in Japanese Prewar History

师资培养体系双重结构的实证研究:以日本战前历史中的一个地方为例

基本信息

批准号：
08451065
负责人：
SATO Hisako
金额：
$ 2.62万
依托单位：
Oita University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

There virtually were two types of teacher training system in Japanese prewar history. One is a type of teacher training in normal schools. Another is a type of teacher training in private schools that were officially approved. While the former trained prospective leading teachers, the latter trained teachers who compensated insufficiency of teachers at work. The double structure of the teacher training system is clearly found in the prewar history of teacher training in Oita prefecture. This is a study that elucidates the actual conditions of teacher training in respective schools in Oita.The uniqueness of this study lies in a viewpoint that sheds light on private schools which have been rather neglected in the history of teacher training. The status of teachers from private schools was not so high as that of teachers from normal schools. And they rarely were promoted to administrative positions. Nonetheless they had an influence on education in their community. Students of private schools came not only from Oita but from outside it, although those schools were not known publicly. In addition, during the World War II,female graduates from private schools compensated insufficiency of male teachers who went to war. Teachers from private schools not only contributed to compensate insufficiency of teachers at work but participated virtually in improving the quality of education. The tension between teachers from normal schools and those from private schools promoted the development of education in Oita.

日本战前历史上实际上存在两种师资培训制度。一种是师范学校的师资培训。另一种是官方批准的私立学校教师培训。前者培养的是未来的骨干教师，后者培养的是弥补工作中师资不足的教师。师资培训体系的双重结构在大分县战前的师资培训历史中清晰可见。这是一项阐明大分县各学校教师培训实际状况的研究。本研究的独特之处在于，它的观点揭示了在教师培训历史上被忽视的私立学校。民办学校教师的地位没有师范学校教师高。而且他们很少被提升到行政职位。尽管如此，他们对社区的教育产生了影响。私立学校的学生不仅来自大分，也来自外部，尽管这些学校不为公众所知。此外，二战期间，私立学校的女毕业生弥补了参战男教师的不足。民办学校教师不仅为弥补师资不足做出了贡献，而且无形中参与了教育质量的提高。师范学校和私立学校教师之间的紧张关系促进了大分县教育的发展。