Active control of endothelial cell functions by the microblood flow

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The endothlial cells on the inner surface of arterial vessel have various functions such as the secretion and uptake due to the external mechanical stimulus in the microscopic level. So the present study dealt with the microblood flow and the uptake of macromolecules in the endothelial cells which were obserced by the confocal laser microscopy and the corelation between the microblood flow and the uptake of macromolecules is to be revealed. In this study the endothelial cells obtained from the aortic vessel of pig is employed. After 48 hour exposure to shear stress, the endothelial cell layr on coverslips were incubated at 37C for 60 minutes in PBS containing tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate conjugate albumin (TRITC-albumin). Thereafter the uptake of albumin and the shape of endothelial cells were observed by a intercellular region. The albumin uptake depends on imposed shear stress. At 10 dyn/cm2, the albumin uptake showed a 1.3 folds increase. The albumin uptake decrease with increasing shear stress and the minimum uptake is quater of the control value at 60 dyn/cm2. This shear dependence of uptake is an unique feature of the cell and may play a key role for the controlling mchanism of endothelial cells.