Connectiveness between micro and macroscopic biological flows

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The specific macroscopic function is achieved by integrating the microscopic phenomena in the biological system. In other words, the biological system will achieve the function by adopting the various environmental effects. In this project, we had been exploiting how the biological flow achieve the function in the living body, furthermore we took into account the solid mechanics, physiology, cell biology in addition to the fluid mechanics. The researchers in the international group got tother to tackle this problem and discuss various aspects of the biological flow phenomena being directly related to the function in the biological system. We had the meeting at Sapporo on last August, in 1998 to discuss several subjects of biological flow. The subjects we discussed were respiratory mechanics, cardiovascular fluid mechanics, cellular mechanics and transport phenomena. We also emphasized the function of endothelial cells under the mechanical stimulus and tried to understand the mechanotransduction mechanism of endothelial cells. The biological system is constructed by integrating the various level of biological units and we should understand the biological function through the integration of biological phenomena in the various levels. The integration becomes more important recently and shoud offer the new way of understanding thr biological system in the future.