A STUDY ON THE CONDITIONS OF"JAPANESE DE-COUPLING POLICY"

本文以“日本脱钩政策”为研究对象，以山区社区为研究对象，着重探讨了土地利用-生产系统与社区社会系统之间的关系。在此基础上，笔者试图从活跃社区与萧条社区的差异性出发，提出振兴山区的措施，战后的山区几乎都是生活和生产水平暂时低下，但稳定并保持着传统的社区制度和习俗。为了减少该地区的人口过剩，发展农业生产力，促进了该地区的退出。年轻的劳动力到发展中的工业城市。这是人口减少问题开始的流行过程，导致了现在的时间。这一过程在几乎所有的山区社区都可以观察到。另一方面，少数社区在不同的发展过程中，至少保持着自己的活动和人口或人口保持系统，这种差异被认为取决于土地利用的变化，特别是种植业、畜牧业和森林资源利用之间的资源循环和交换。在活跃的社区中，他们通过对区域资源的组合利用，生产出多种产品。这种结合可以在家庭和社区单位的多个层面上观察到，并且是基于一种必要性，这意味着除非这种结合使用，否则它们无法维持家庭和社区成员的生活。与此同时，这种必要性成为家庭和社区的统一。这是一种以粮食生产为目的的社区劳动，但现在已经成为一种娱乐或传统文化的社区活动，因此，对这种活跃的社区进行扶持，对山区的振兴具有重要意义，需要制定新的政策。

In this paper, for a study on the condition of "Japanese De-coupling Policy", I Locus on the communities in the mountainous areas, specially I discuss on the relations between the land use-production systems and the community society systems. From which, I try to suggest the measures for promotion of the mountainous area from the difference on the active and depressed communities.Almost mountainous area were low life and production level for the time being of post-war, but stable and keeping their traditional community systems and customs. To reduce the over population in such area and to develop their agriculture productivity, it was promoted to pull out. young labor to the developing industrial cities. This was popular process of the beginning of the depopulation problem, which have lead to present time. And this course is observed in almost mountainous communities. On the other side, a few communities have developed on different process and been keeping their activities and population or population keeping system, at least.This difference was considered to be depended on the land use variety, specially the circulation and exchange of the resources among cultivation, stock raising and use of' forest resources. In the active community, they have been producing many kinds of products by the combination use of the regional resources. Such combinations can be observed in the multiple levels, in the unit of household and community, and are based on a necessity, which means unless such combination use, they cannot keep the family and community members' lives. At the same time, this necessity becomes a unity of the family and community. That was communal work for food production at old time, but becomes to communal work for community activity as a fun or traditional culture.So, it is important to assist such active community for the promotion of the mountainous area, and a new policy is required.