A STUDY ON THE CONDITIONS OF"JAPANESE DE-COUPLING POLICY"

本文以日本“脱钩政策”的条件为研究对象，以山区社区为研究对象，着重探讨了土地利用生产制度与社区社会制度的关系。在此基础上，从活跃社区和萧条社区的差异出发，提出了促进山区发展的对策。战后，大部分山区的生活和生产水平较低，但保持着传统的社区制度和习俗。为了减少该地区的人口过剩，发展该地区的农业生产力，推动了撤出。年轻劳动力流向发展中的工业城市。这是人口减少问题开始流行的过程，这导致了现在的时间。几乎在多山的社区都可以观察到这一过程。另一方面，一些社区以不同的方式发展，至少保持着他们的活动和人口或人口保持系统。这种差异被认为取决于土地利用的种类，特别是在耕作、畜牧业和森林资源利用之间的资源流通和交换。在活跃的社区中，他们结合利用区域资源，生产出多种产品。这种组合可以在多个层面上观察到，以家庭和社区为单位，并且基于必要性，这意味着除非这种组合使用，否则它们无法保持家庭和社区成员的生命。同时，这种必要性也成为家庭和社区的统一。在过去，这是为了食物生产而进行的集体劳动，但现在变成了为了社区活动而进行的集体劳动，作为一种乐趣或传统文化。因此，帮助这些活跃的社区促进山区发展是非常重要的，需要一个新的政策。

In this paper, for a study on the condition of "Japanese De-coupling Policy", I Locus on the communities in the mountainous areas, specially I discuss on the relations between the land use-production systems and the community society systems. From which, I try to suggest the measures for promotion of the mountainous area from the difference on the active and depressed communities.Almost mountainous area were low life and production level for the time being of post-war, but stable and keeping their traditional community systems and customs. To reduce the over population in such area and to develop their agriculture productivity, it was promoted to pull out. young labor to the developing industrial cities. This was popular process of the beginning of the depopulation problem, which have lead to present time. And this course is observed in almost mountainous communities. On the other side, a few communities have developed on different process and been keeping their activities and population or population keeping system, at least.This difference was considered to be depended on the land use variety, specially the circulation and exchange of the resources among cultivation, stock raising and use of' forest resources. In the active community, they have been producing many kinds of products by the combination use of the regional resources. Such combinations can be observed in the multiple levels, in the unit of household and community, and are based on a necessity, which means unless such combination use, they cannot keep the family and community members' lives. At the same time, this necessity becomes a unity of the family and community. That was communal work for food production at old time, but becomes to communal work for community activity as a fun or traditional culture.So, it is important to assist such active community for the promotion of the mountainous area, and a new policy is required.