The effects of interventions and shift work arrangements based on recording complex physiological changes

研究了炼油厂连续班制由四班三班制改为九班两班制时，干预对作业条件和班次安排的影响。1)重新设计了便携式生理记录装置。新装置比原装置更小、更稳定，可用于分析轮班工人在工作和休息期间的生理变化。2)9人两班制夜班12小时生理和心理变化的昼夜规律与8小时轮班相似。两种制度之间的差异不显著。时间预算记录的结果表明，新系统减少了与工作有关的活动所花费的总时间。与Corre…相比，9人两班制的平均白天睡眠时间缩短了16分钟，夜间睡眠时间延长了31分钟3)转制为9队两班制一年后，202名轮班员工的问卷调查表明，他们赞成转岗。58%的人回答新制度下的轮班工作安排更好，只有11%的人回答说新制度下的工作安排更差。这项为期两年的干预研究证实，需要对过渡到新制度的影响进行全面评估。首先，改善工作安排的行动方案不仅应解决工作时间安排的改善问题，还应解决工作内容和应对行为方面的问题。研究发现，轮班时间长短和休假频率之间的权衡关系以及包括插入午睡时间在内的详细应对策略很重要。其次，通过生理和心理变化的评估、时间分配分析和对轮班工人及其家属意见的问卷调查相结合的方法来评估这些影响。较少

The effects of interventions in working conditions and shift work arrangements in a petroleum refinery were studied when the refinery changed its continuous shift system from a four-team three-shift system to nine-team two-shift system.1) Portable devices developed for recording complex physiological changes were redesigned. The new devices, smaller and more stable than the original ones, were useful for analyzing the physiological changes during the work and rest periods of shift workers.2) The circadian patterns of physiological and psychological changes during the 12-hour night shift in the 9-team two-shift system were similar to those during the 8-hour shifts. There differences between the two systems were not significant. The results of time budget records showed that the total time spent for work-related activities reduced in the new system. The mean sleeping time in the 9-team two-shift systems was 16 min shorter for daytime sleep and 31 min longer for nighttime sleep than corre … More sponding mean time in the three-shift system3) One year after the transfer to the 9-team two-shift system, the questionnaire replies from 202 shift workers showed that they were in favor of the transfer. Fifty-eight percent replied that the shift working arrangements were better in the new system with only 11 percent replying that they were worse in the new system.This two-year intervention study confirmed the need for a comprehensive assessment of the effects of a transfer to a new shift system. First, action programs for improving work arrangements should address not only improvements in working time arrangements but also those in job content and coping behavior. The trade-off relations between the length of shifts and the frequency of days off and the detailed coping strategies including inserting napping periods were found important. Second, it was found essential to assess these effects by means of combining the evaluation of physiological and psychological changes, the time budget analysis and the questionnaire study of the views of shift workers and their families. Less