Search for the inhibitors of the glycosidases from marine invertebrates

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Screening of the extracts of marine invertebrates (88 sponges, 11 coelenterates, and 5 tunicates) against alpha-glucosidase, beta-glucosidase, and beta-galactosidase was carried out. Activity was found approximately 10% of sponges, but none of coelenterates or tunicates exhibited activity.The extract of an unidentified sponge collected at Hachijo Island was fractionated directed by alpha-glucosidase-inhibitory activity. From a lipophilic fraction a branched C15 carboxylic acid was obtained, however, the active material in the aqueous fraction was not purified.The sponge Penares sp. collected at Hachijo Island was also active against a-glucosidase. From the CH2Cl2 fraction, 4mg of a compound named S6215-A was obtained. Its molecular formula was shown to be C36H69NO11S2 on the basis of high resolution FAB mass spectrometry. The 1HNMR spectrum exhibited two methyls, huge methylene envelop, a methylene adjacent to a carbonyl, and five protons on hetero-atom-substituted carbons. The 13 NMR spectrum revealed two amide or ester carbons, two oxygenated mathine, one each of nitrogenous methine and methylene, and O-methyl groups. Two-dimensional NMR spectra revealed the gross feature of the active compound. The structure of another active compound was similarly analyzed.