Physical characterization and dynamic pathophysiological study of endothel using scanning acoustic microscopy

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purpose : This study was executed to evaluate the acoustic propagation speed of live human endothel cell and aortic smooth muscle cell using scanning acoustic microscopy (SAM).method and material : We depicted the C mode and X-Z mode images of endothel with 100 MHz, 450 MHz and 600 MHz ultrasound. The propagation speed was able to be calculated from the location of the fringe on the C mode image and the fringe shift on the X-Z mode image taken with 450 MHz ultrasound from the formula V_S=V_M+2f DELTAz (V_S : propagation sound speed of the sample, V_M : propagation sound speed of the medium, f : frequency, DELTAz : fringe shift on X-Z mode image). The propagation sound speed of aortic smooth muscle cells in groups : growing (group G), differential (D) and on hypotonic loading (H), were evaluated with SAM.result : C mode image of endothel was obtained clearly with intracellular granules detectable at 450 MHz frequency using saline as the coupling fluid. Intracellular granules were observed at 450 MHz, and 600 MHz but not at 100 MHz. The upward Z scanning images of the cell had two or three black and white contrast rings. Hypotonic loading produced a significant increase in the number of contrast rings observed.The propagation speed of D (1624(]SY.+-。[)16m/sec) is significantly higher than that of G (1571(]SY.+-。[)14m/sec) and H (1585(]SY.+-。[)8m/sec). SAM should be considered a useful method for studying live cell acoustic properties.Conclusion : The propagation sound speed was calculated even when the sample thickness is unknown, monitoring only the pulse amplitude change during X-Z scanning. The scanned image exhibits features related to the cell surface curvature and attenuation. Scanning acoustic microscopy should be considered a useful method for studying live cell acoustic properties.