Research on the Concept of Emancipation in the Course of Study for Political Education in Germany

作为历史背景，1973年德国北威斯特法伦州教育部公布了新的政治教育课程，1974年修订了第二版。这一研究过程是在法兰克福学派批判理论的基础上发展起来的。本研究的目的在于阐明解放总目标在德国政治教育研究过程中的形成过程。在本研究中，我们得到了以下结果：1。课程发展的步骤分为五个层次：1)情况分析层次，2)资格层次，3)内容层次，4)学习计划层次和评价层次，每个层次又分为几个小步骤。布兰克茨课程建设理论的模式对该课程发展的形势分析水平和资质水平产生了强烈的影响。在这个层面上，我们讨论了解放的总体目标。但是，新开发了教学内容制作矩阵、一年计划矩阵和模具教学过程规划矩阵。1987年，北威州教育部对课程进行了第三次修订。第二版与第三版的第一个区别是在第三版中补充了学生应该学习的两个资格；具有环保领域资质和职业、劳动领域资质。最后的区别认识到个人利益与他人之间以及个人行动与团结之间的紧张关系被强调。

As historical background, Ministry of Education in Nordrhein Westfalen (NRW) of Germany proclaimed a new course of study for political education in 1973, and a revised second edition in 1974. The course of study had been developed based on the critical theory of Frankfurt school.The aim of this study is to clarify the process that the general aim of emancipation is taking shape into course of study for political education in Germany.We get following results in this study :1. The steps of course of study development were divided into the five levels : 1) situation analysis level, 2) qualification level, 3) content level, 4) learning plan level and evaluation level, whose levels divided several small steps.2. The model of Blankertz curriculum construction theory had a strong effect upon the situation analysis level and qualification level in the development of this course of study. In this levels the general aim of emancipation were discussed. However, a matrix for production of teaching content, one year planning and planning for die teaching process were newly developed.3. Ministry of Education of NRW made his third revision of the course of study in 1987. The first difference between second and third edition is in supplementing two qualifications in third edition that students should be learn ; a qualification in the field of environmental protection and a qualification in the field of the occupation and the labor.4. Last difference recognize that the tensions between interest of individual and others and between individual action and solidarity were stressed.