Hyth and Understanding of Nature in the ancient Mediterranean World.

在调查《古代地中海世界的神话和对自然的理解》时，我们在第一年就非常重视把握每个时期的特点趋势。因此，很明显，对于古人来说，神话是理解自然、人类和周围世界运作的手段。今年，我们将这一领域划分为三个部分：希腊罗马文学(T.MIZUTANI)、哲学著作(H.AKIYAMA)、早期基督教诺斯替文学(T.ONUKI)；并试图具体分析XT。《奥维德，变形记1.56》和T·弥祖塔尼的《古人的雷电记》回顾了通过对古人的雷电概念的清晰理解，奥维德在建立描述创世神话的叙事诗文本中所发挥的关键作用。其次，根据M.AKIYAMA的观点，我们可以在柏拉图的早期作品《菲德勒斯》中找到柏拉图关于灵魂和性爱的神话，作为后来世界灵魂和立法的基础。对卢克莱修的诗歌哲学和神话的研究表明，他的风格对后来的诗人产生了巨大的影响。和T.ONUKI从性别象征的角度考察了纳格-哈马迪图书馆中包含的诺斯替教经文，并得出结论，“整个可见世界作为子宫”是最显著的特征。

Upon investigating "Myth and Understanding of Nature in the ancient Mediterranean World", we placed, in the first year, great importance on grasping each period's characteristic trends. As a result, it became clear that for the ancient people myths were means to understand the nature, the human being, and the working of surrounding world. This year, we devided the field to three parts ; Greek-Roman literature (T.MIZUTANI), philosophical workd (H.AKIYAMA), Early Christian-Gnostic literature (T.ONUKI) ; and tried to analyze the xt concretely. 'Ovid, Metamorphoses 1.56 and the Ancients'Notion of Thunder and Lightning by T.MIZUTANI reviews the critical role playd by a clear understanding of the ancients'notion of thunder and lightning in establishing the text of Ovid's narrative poetry which describes the Creation myth. In the next place, according to M.AKIYAMA,we can find Plato's myth of soul and Eros in his early work, "Phaedrus", as a basis of the later ideas <the world-soul> or <legislation? >. And the study of Philosophy of Poetry and Myth of Lucretius showed that his style had a tremendous influence on latter poets. And T.ONUKI examined the gnostic scriptures contained in the Nag-Hammadi-Library from the view point of sexual symbolism, and concluded the idea, "the whole visible world as womb", to be the most striking feature.