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Examination of skills to form word combinations in normally developing child and children with development disabilities

检查正常发育儿童和发育障碍儿童形成单词组合的技能

基本信息

批准号：
10610102
负责人：
OTOMO Kiyoshi
金额：
$ 1.47万
依托单位：
TOKYO GAKUGEI UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The present research examined skills of normally developing children and children with developmental disabilities to form word combinations by analyzing their spontaneous speech and speech during specific tasks. The major findings are as follows :1. The longitudinal speech data of a boy with an expressive language delay (3 ; 8-5 ; 2) and those of three normally developing Japanese children at 20-21, 24-25, and 27-28 months of age showed a paralell increase in the number of syllables in a word and in the number of content words in an utterance. The results suggested that the development of phonetic shapes and that they of syntax interact with each other, or that they both operate on a common linguistic or cognitive basis.2. An analysis of verbal responses of four 5-year-old language-delayed children and 15 normal controls matched in verbal age in the Word-association task indicated that the delayed children exhibited higher error rates and irrelevant responses from the contexts, suggesting difficulties in understanding semantic relationships between words.3. The use of connective expressions in fifteen 3-4-year-old normally developing children and four 5-6-year-old language delayed children was examined by analyzing verbal descriptions of eight sets of two-part sequential pictures. In language delayed children, the frequencies of the use of connective expressions were similar to those of the 3-4-year-old contol subjects, but all the subjects showed grammatical errors, suggesting some qualitative differences in utterances in a sequential picture description task between the subject groups.4. Mothers of normally-developing children were more likely to respond to the child's word and possibly word productions by repetitive responses than by non-repetitive responses. The mothers of developmentally delayed children appeared to be sensitive to the child's comprehension skills in adjusting their conversational styles.

本研究通过分析正常儿童和发展障碍儿童的自发言语和特定任务中的言语，考察了他们的词语组合技能。主要研究结果如下：1.一个表达性语言延迟的男孩（3 ; 8-5 ; 2）和三个发育正常的日本儿童在20-21、24-25和27-28个月时的纵向语音数据显示，一个词中的音节数和一个话语中的实义词数都有显著增加。研究结果表明，语音形态的发展与句法形态的发展是相互影响的，或者两者在共同的语言或认知基础上起作用.对4名5岁语言迟缓儿童和15名言语年龄匹配的正常儿童在词汇联想任务中的言语反应进行了分析，结果表明，语言迟缓儿童的错误率较高，且反应与上下文无关，这表明语言迟缓儿童在理解词汇之间的语义关系方面存在困难.通过对8组两部分连续图片的言语描述分析，考察了15名3-4岁正常儿童和4名5-6岁语言发育迟缓儿童的连接表达使用情况。语言延迟儿童在连续图片描述任务中，连接词的使用频率与3-4岁对照组儿童相似，但所有被试都出现了语法错误，这表明被试组之间在话语质量上存在一定的差异.正常发育的儿童的母亲更有可能响应孩子的话，可能是字生产的重复性反应比非重复性反应。发育迟缓儿童的母亲似乎是敏感的孩子的理解能力，在调整他们的谈话风格。