Study of History of Black People and Racism in Britain

英国黑人史与种族主义研究

• 批准号: 10610381
• 负责人: HIRATA Masahiro
• 金额: $ 1.73万
• 依托单位: Aoyama Gakuin University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1998 至 2000
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10610381/
• 关键词: History of Black People in Britain; Racism; Imperial Mentality; 人種差別主義

One of characteristics of studies of British history in Japan is that historians have concentrated on studies of history of England, Anglo-Saxon as a nation, white as a race, and they have tended to neglect the colonies and the celtic fringes (Wales, Scotland and Ireland). Historians have failed to present a framework of reference including the British Empire, celtic nations and non-whites. Although, in recent years, some historians have begun to take a framework of imperial history and celtic histories and such a hard framework of domestic history and an English-centric history is seriously being reconsidered, a new framework of study on British history including non-whites is not still presented enough.This study is one of the results that I have done a research on history of black people in Britain by using the primary sources and taking a framework of imperial history and a viewpoint of non-whites.My study consists of two parts : one is a study on the presence of black people in Britain and the other is one on the mentality of whites towards black people and a history of British racism.The former is an historical analysis of black people, who were in not only Britain but also America and Africa at the end of the eighteenth century. The period studied here is very short but the perspective is world-wide.The latter is a research of historical changes of the attitudes of whites towards black people by taking a long perspective which is effective for understanding complicated history of British racism. First I tried to divide British racism from the seventeenth century to the twentieth century into four : the demonology of race, plantocracy racism, pseudo-scientific racism, cultural racism of the twentieth century and then studied them respectively.

日本英国史研究的一个特点是，历史学家们把研究的重点放在英格兰、盎格鲁-撒克逊民族和白色人种的历史上，而忽视了殖民地和凯尔特边缘地区（威尔士、苏格兰和爱尔兰）的历史。历史学家们未能提出一个包括大英帝国、凯尔特民族和非白人在内的参考框架。尽管近年来，一些历史学家开始采用帝国历史和凯尔特历史的框架，而国内历史和以英语为中心的历史的这种硬框架正在被认真地重新考虑，英国历史研究的新框架，包括非这项研究是我用小学英语对英国黑人历史进行研究的结果之一。本文以帝国史为框架，以非白人为视角，从两个方面展开研究：一是对黑人在英国的存在的研究，二是对白人对黑人的心态和英国种族主义史的研究，前者是对18世纪末英国、美洲和非洲的黑人的历史分析。本文研究的时间很短，但视角是世界性的，后者是从长远的角度研究白人对黑人态度的历史变迁，对于理解英国种族主义的复杂历史是有效的。首先，笔者试图将英国世纪至20世纪的种族主义分为四种：种族恶魔论、植物统治种族主义、伪科学种族主义和20世纪的文化种族主义，并分别进行研究。

项目成果

平田雅博: "いま,なぜ「帝国意識」か"北川,平田 編『帝国意識の解剖学』. 1-22 (1999)

Masahiro Hirata：“为什么现在是‘帝国意识’？” 北川平田（主编）《帝国意识解剖学》1-22（1999）。

北川勝彦,平田雅博 編: "帝国意識の解剖学"世界思想社. 286 (1999)

北川克彦、平田正宏（编）：《帝国意识的解剖》《Sekai Shisosha》286（1999）。

Masahiro Hirata: "Past and Present of Historical Study of British Imperialism"Studies of Contemporary Histroy. No.44. 84-90 (1998)

平田正宏：《英帝国主义历史研究的前世今生》当代史学研究。

平田雅博: "イギリス帝国主義史の流れと現在" 現代史研究. 44号. 84-90 (1998)

平田正宏：《英帝国主义的近代史》《当代史研究》第44期。84-90（1998）。

Masahiro Hirata: "Welfare Policy towards Ageing Immigrants after World War II in Britain"Shin Ohara ed., The Present and Problems in Welfare in Japan, Ibunsha. (forthcoming).

平田正宏：《二战后英国对老龄移民的福利政策》大原信主编，日本福利的现状和问题，异文社。