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Political Economic Research on Institutional Competition

制度竞争的政治经济学研究

基本信息

批准号：
10630056
负责人：
KAWANOBE Hiroyuki
金额：
$ 1.41万
依托单位：
TOKAI UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10630056/
关键词：
Institutional Competition Institutional Reform Public Choice Neo-Institutional Economics Path Dependence

项目摘要

The institutional competition between advanced countries resulting from globalization of economic activities was analyzed from the viewpoint of convergence and diversification of economic institution.1. Using the international database regarding economic institution and socio-economic and political factors in the OECD countries, advanced economies are classified into convergence and diversification of economic institution.2. Network externality and increasing returns nature of industries influences the classification of economic institution.3. Although the interdependency nature of every economy rises in globalization of the economic activity, the degree that is exposed to global economy differs by attributes of industry.4. The decline of the economic performance of the competitive industries as the cause of economic institution brings about the decline of the economic welfare of the nations. The policy change that brings about institutional reform is appeared through politics process.5. The political process in institutional reform takes the form of competition over rent between the vested groups and those who obtain benefits through the institutional reform.6. The speed and direction of institution reform is influenced by the polity of each democracy (presidential government or parliamentary system), independence of justice department, the frequency of the administration shift that reflects political competition between parties, the political power of interest groups, existence of independent regulation organization etc.7. The basic philosophy of institutional reform, which enables the national economy competitive, is market oriented institutional design and concept of the self-governance based on the checks and balances principle.

从经济制度趋同性和多元化的角度分析了经济活动全球化导致的发达国家之间的制度竞争。 1．利用OECD国家经济制度和社会经济政治因素的国际数据库，将发达经济体分为经济制度趋同化和经济制度多元化两类。 2．网络外部性和产业报酬递增性质影响经济制度的分类。 3．尽管随着经济活动的全球化，各经济体的相互依存性有所增强，但其受全球经济影响的程度却因产业属性而异。 4．作为经济制度原因的竞争性产业经济绩效的下降带来了国家经济福利的下降。带来制度改革的政策变化是通过政治过程显现出来的。5．制度改革的政治过程表现为既得群体与通过制度改革获得利益的人之间的租金竞争。6．制度改革的速度和方向受到各个民主国家的政体（总统制或议会制）、司法部门的独立性、反映政党之间政治竞争的行政更替频率、利益集团的政治权力、独立监管组织的存在等因素的影响7。使国民经济具有竞争力的制度改革的基本理念是市场导向的制度设计和基于制衡原则的自治理念。