ABNORMALITY OF COGNITION IN SCHIZOTYPAL PERSONALITY DISORDER FROM THE ASSESSMENTS OF EVENT-RELATED POTENTIALS AND CEREBRAL HEMODYNAMICS

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Biological, phenomenological and cognitive similarities are known to exist between schizophrenia and schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. This study examined whether abnormalities in event-related potentials (ERPs) reported in schizophrenia can also be observed in persons with Schizotypal Personality Disorder (SPD). ERPs were examined in 9 subjects and 9 controls recruited from among 1693 college students using the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID). In addition f-NIRS (functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy) examination was undertaken in a subject of SPD. ERPs were recorded during an auditory oddball task. The peak latencies and amplitudes for N100, P200, N200 and P300 were measured. No difference was detected in P200, N200 and P300 latencies or in the latency or amplitude of N100 components between the two groups. Reduced P200 and P300 amplitudes and increased N200 amplitudes were found in SPD subjects. We calculated that a smaller N2b amplitude existed in the SPD subjects. LORETA (Low Resolution Electro-magnetic Tomography) analysis showed reduced cortical activity related to P300 and N2b in SPD subjects. f-NIRS showed normal response to the task (Mirror Drawing Task) in a SPD subject. Our findings suggest that smaller P300 and N2b amplitudes might be considered trait markers for schizophrenia and since SPD subjects showed deficits in information processing and attention, they may be at risk for developing schizophrenia or schizophrenia-like psychoses.