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The Research of Comparative History for the Social and Ethnic Conflict between the Italian Emigrants and the People of Host Countries

意大利移民与东道国人民之间社会和种族冲突的比较史研究

基本信息

批准号：
11610390
负责人：
KITAMURA Akeo
金额：
$ 1.47万
依托单位：
Japan Women's University (2000)Mie University (1999)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1 Among the three cases which I chose as the social and ethnic conflicts between the Italian emigrants and the people of the host countries, I particularly focused on the criminal case of New Orleans (Jan. 1891) and that of Aigues-Mortes (the small town in South-East France, Aug. 1893), basing on the documents I had searched for at the Historical Archives of Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Italy, and at National Archives in France.2 The analysis about the New Orleans Case results that, (a) the Italian community at New Orleans of the late 19^<th> century was composed almost by the Sicilians, and their leaders, as founders of the mutual aid societies of the Italian emigrants, were supporters of the Risorgimento movement and had a tendency to nationalism, (b) the native whites in this town took for the Sicilian immigrants as criminals, labeling them as 'mafia', (c) this case showed that Sicilian immigrants were excluded from the native white community in this period and that they were to b … More e integrated into it after the First World War.3 The analysis about the Aigues-Mortes Case results that, (a) the Italian immigrant workers in the salt field at Aigues-Mortes were almost composed by the Tuscans and the Piemontese, and the formers were very solid as a social group, while the latter ones were more individualistic, (b) most French laborers were as seasonal and foreign to the native town people as the Italian immigrants. (C) when they collided with each other, both the Italian laborers and the French used the nationalistic terms, like as 'Long Live France', 'Long Live Italy', (c) the French laborers took for the Italians defended by the policemen as symbol of the robbers of their labor.4 Compared the two cases, it results that, (a) in the 1890s, a part of Italian immigrants was influenced by the Italian nationalism, (b) both in USA and in France, in the 1890s, the Italian immigrants were the target of xenophobia, but after the First World War, they were integrated into the native community.5 I could not afford to analyze the Sacco-Vanzetti Case. I hope to research it on the next occasion. Less

1在我选择的三个案例中，作为意大利移民与东道国人民之间的社会和种族冲突，我特别关注新奥尔良的刑事案件（1891年1月）和Aigues-Mortes（1893年8月，法国东南部的一个小镇），根据我在意大利外交部历史档案馆中查找的文件，对新奥尔良事件的分析表明：（1）19世纪后期新奥尔良的意大利人社区几乎由西西里人组成，他们的领导人作为意大利移民互助会的创始人，是复兴运动的支持者，具有民族主义倾向<th>，（B）这个城镇的土著白人把西西里移民当作罪犯，给他们贴上“黑手党”的标签，（c）这个案件表明，西西里移民在这一时期被排斥在土著白色社区之外，他们被驱逐到B ...更多信息 3对艾格-莫尔特盐场的意大利移民工人的分析表明：（1）艾格-莫尔特盐场的意大利移民工人几乎由托斯卡纳人和皮埃蒙特人组成，前者是一个非常稳固的社会群体，而后者则更具个人主义色彩;（B）大多数法国劳工和意大利移民一样，对当地居民来说是季节性的和外来的。(C)意大利劳工和法国劳工在发生冲突时，都使用了民族主义的词汇，如“法国万岁”、“意大利万岁”等;（3）法国劳工把警察保护的意大利人看作是抢劫他们劳动的强盗的象征。（4）比较两个案例，结果表明：（1）19世纪90年代，一部分意大利移民受到了意大利民族主义的影响，（B）在美国和法国，1890年代，意大利移民都是仇外心理的目标，但第一次世界大战后，他们融入了本土社区。5我无力分析萨科-万泽蒂案。我希望在下一次研究它。少