The Organaizational Transformation of Political Parties under the EU integration

我们共同研究的根本目的是确定正在进行的欧洲一体化下政党组织转型的维度和范围。虽然欧盟成员国之间的主权日益共享，以至于各国政府的政策选择越来越受到限制，但政党在各国政府的决策过程中仍发挥着至关重要的作用。政党也反映了每个国家社会的历史文化特征。因此，我们试图从比较的角度分析六个具体案例（意大利、英国、德国、荷兰和比利时）。我们得到了以下结论。1)欧洲一体化并未直接影响政党的组织结构2)政党依靠自身的历史、制度和文化背景基本维持着自己的组织结构3)政党组织在合法性和领导力方面尚未失去重要性。4)如意大利案例所示，欧洲一体化导致了政党的剧烈组织变革。5)这种例外情况可以用意大利政府的结构极易受到欧盟施加的外部约束来解释。

The fundamental purpose of our joint research is to identify the dimension and scope of the organizational transformation of political parties under the ongoing Euroepan integration. While the sovereignty among member states of the European Union become so increasingly shared that the policy choices available to national governments are getting more restricted, political parties have yet a crucial role in the decision making process of each national government. Political parties also reflect the historical and cultural characteristics of each national society. So we tried to analyze six specific cases ( Italy, Britain, Germany, Netherlands and Belgium) in the comparative perspective.We got the following conclusion. 1) The European integration doesn't directly affect the organizational structures of political parties 2) Political parties basically maintain their own organizations relying on their own historical, institutional and cultural contexts 3) The organizations of political parties have not yet lost their importance in terms of legitimacy and leadership. 4) As showed in the Italian case, the European integration caused drastic organizational transformation of political parities. 5) This exceptional case can be explained by the highly vulnerable structure of the Italian state to external constraints imposed by the European Union.