IMMUNOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF ANTICANCER MECHANISM TO HUMAN BLADDER CANCER OF BCG

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To analyze the mechanism of bovis bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) against urithelial carcinoma, the following experiments were performed.1 We demonstrated that the BCG induces maturation of human dendritic cells (DC). Surface expression of CD40, CD80, CD83, and CD86 was increased by BCG on human immature DC, and the effect was similar to those of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha).2 Secretion of TNFalpha, interferon-gamma, interleukin-2 (IL-2) by BCG activated T cell was determined by intracellular cytokine staining with fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) after ex vivo stimulation. Restimulation by BCG did not facilitate secretion of cytokines, .We analysed the efficacy and safety of BCG perfusion for carcinoma in situ (CIS)1 Treatment for CIS of the upper urinary tract, 6 patients with cytologically diagnosed CIS of the upper urinary tract were treated by BCG instillation via retrograde catheterization using a 6 F ureteric catheter or an 8 F indwelling JJ ureteric stent between the ureter and bladder. The mean follow-up was 22 months ; none of the patients died, and all were negative for cytology in urine collected from the upper urinary tracts.2 Forty-two patients with CIS of bladder underwent intravesical instillation of BCG.In the follow-up period from 6 to 116 months, the efficacy rate of intravesical BCG instillation for CIS of the bladder was 81.0%. Two patients died from the bladder cancer. Total cystectomy was performed in 10 of 42 patients, and pathological findings of muscle layer invasion were detected in 8 patients.