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Comparative Research on the Impact of Social Enterprise Providing Social Care Services on Social Policy in International Perspective

国际视野下社会企业提供社会关怀服务对社会政策影响的比较研究

基本信息

批准号：
12610180
负责人：
TSUKAMOTO Ichiro
金额：
$ 2.24万
依托单位：
MEIJI UNIVERSITY (2001-2002)Saga University (2000)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The purpose of this research is to examine the impact of social enterprise activities on the current social policy.We implemented the case studies on social enterprises in the UK, Sweden and Japan. The emergence of social enterprises has been influenced by political changes such as changing social policy as well as social and economic change such as the decline of local economy. In Japan, The current change of social policy including the privatization and contracting out of public services has underlain the development of older people cooperatives and worker cooperatives providing elderly care services. However social policy in the UK which stresses the potential of social enterprise has been strongly influenced by not only the perspective of the making public services more efficient but also community governance by different stakeholders. Especially in EU countries, tackling social exclusion which means poverty, unemployment and the lack of access to social services, has become a significant issue of social policy. Thus the community based social enterprise has been expected to serve as providing social services such as care services with socially excluded people. Social services has been recently provided by the form of partnerships with other private sectors more and more from the viewpoint of community governance. The UK government established Social Enterprise Unit within Department of Trade and Industry last year. Because the government expects social enterprises to exercise social entrepreneurship and innovate social services. In other words, the social enterprise fulfilling both social mission and business has been recently regarded as the provider of higher quality social services through their introducing new social entrepreneurship different from that of existing private firms in their own organizations.

本研究以英国、瑞典及日本为例，探讨社会企业活动对现行社会政策的影响。社会企业的出现受到政治变化（例如社会政策的变化）以及社会和经济变化（例如当地经济衰退）的影响。在日本，目前社会政策的变化，包括公共服务的私有化和外包，是老年人合作社和提供老年人护理服务的工人合作社发展的基础。然而，英国的社会政策强调社会企业的潜力，不仅受到使公共服务更有效率的观点的强烈影响，而且受到不同利益相关者的社区治理的强烈影响。特别是在欧盟国家，解决社会排斥，即贫困、失业和缺乏获得社会服务的机会，已成为社会政策的一个重要问题。因此，以社区为基础的社会企业被期望为社会排斥的人提供社会服务，如护理服务。最近，越来越多地从社区治理的角度出发，通过与其他私营部门建立伙伴关系的形式提供社会服务。英国政府去年在贸易和工业部内设立了社会企业股。因为政府期望社会企业践行社会企业家精神，创新社会服务。换句话说，兼具社会使命与商业的社会企业，最近被视为提供更高品质的社会服务，因为它们在自己的组织中引入了不同于现有私营企业的新社会企业家精神。