A study on the rural social economy in Jiangnan during the Japan-China war and civil war.

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The aim of this research project is to explain the actual condition and the changes related to the landowner-tenant relationship at Jiangnan (江南) during the Japan-China war and civil war. Three source materials were used to carry out this research ; local newspapers, documents collected in archives, research documents on rural society in the 1930's and 1940's. The following fact became clear through the analysis of these materials.(1) Because of the confusion due to the war, landowners couldn't collect farm rent without support of the local government, and local government also directory collected land tax from tenants.(2) A price of topsoil right (田面権) increased more than price of ownership (田底権) during the war, the tenants felt as actual landowners.(3) The Nationalist government changed the policy from "farm rent reducing" to "land to the tillers". As the effect of the war, in Jiangnan, the condition of the land reform was formed considerably before 1949.