Methodology for Analyzing Organizational Accidents and Methods for Preventing Human Errors

点击翻译按钮获取中文摘要

This research project introduced an organizational approach to methods of preventing human errors and to propose a methodology for analyzing of accidents. The results are classified into five categories as below.1. Analysis of organizational accidents in Japan and a methodology : We analyzed three accidents that occurred in Japan, from the point of organizational accident view. Especially, our research paid attention to communication process and indicated that widely known results were mistaken. On the basis of the results, we tried to build a methodology for analyzing of accidents.2. Basic common model for analyzing organizational accidents : We analyzed more organizational accidents such as subway derailment accident, criticality accident at Tokai-mura, food poisoning by milk, and proposed a basic common model for explaining mechanism of organizational accidents in many fields.3. Current investigation reports and a new social system for utilizing the reports : We abstracted some problems about the formal way to investigate organizational accidents and organizations for investigating in Japan. On the basis of the results, we proposed a new social system or organization for utilizing all reports of accidents and showed a concrete role of the organization.4. Prevention of accidents and human factors : We researched how incident reporting systems were utilized in some hospitals and airplane companies, and indicated some reasons of impeding the effective utilization.5. Trust and risk communications : Our experimental research pursued a mechanism of overconfidence and distrust that often caused to human errors and were related with safety culture.