Research of French Republic in Transition

在这份报告中，我研究了法兰西共和国作为一项原则，使法国社会的多元文化成员有可能混杂在一起，正在经历一场引人注目的蜕变。首先，阐述了法兰西共和国作为与共和模式概念共存的原则的意义和特点。20世纪90年代初，在法国，出现了一种不同于“共和模式”的新共存原则的可能性。这就是“多元文化主义争议”。为了正确理解法国关于多元文化主义的讨论，我对加拿大和美国的多元文化主义有了大致的看法。因此，我们可以确认，魁北克在反对加拿大联邦政府的多元文化主义时，要求在加拿大获得“特殊地位”，而在法国，共和党人在批评多元文化主义时，强调法兰西共和国的“普遍性”，两者之间存在着共同点。我们可以确认这个…美国多元文化主义的争论更多的是寻求一种新的共存原则，挑战文化多元主义中隐藏的“肤色界线”。其次，我调查了法国关于多元文化主义的争论。通过考察反对多元文化主义的共和党人的讨论和“多元文化主义者”的论点，我们可以证实，前者一方面同意尊重文化多样性，另一方面尊重法兰西共和国的价值观。然后，两党在争议之后汇聚在一起。除了这一点，我们可以说，在公共政策实践中，法国有几项多元文化政策，例如PAC、Parite、Region Languages和ZEP。在这些政策的实践中，从未有违反法兰西共和国价值观的迹象。但与预期相反的是，理想国的理想价值与实际政策之间的差距一步一步拉大。面对欧洲建设的问题，法兰西共和国可能有一个问题需要解决。较少

In this report, I examine how French Republic as a principle that makes it possible for multicultural members of French society to coexsite is undergoing a remarkable metamorphosis. In the first place, I give an account of significance and characteristics of French Republic as principle of coexistence with concept of "Republic Model". The beginning of 1990 in France, the possibility of new principle of coexistence that is different from "Republic Model" has been argued. That is "Multiculturalism controversy". In order to understand correctly a discussion of Multiculturalism in France, I have taken a general view of Multiculturalism in Canada and in USA. As a result, we can confirm that there is a point in common between Quebec argument that, in opposing Multiculturalism of the Federal Government of Canada, demands "special status" in Canada, and Republican argument in France that in criticizing Multiculturalism, emphasizes a "universality" of French Republic. And we can confirm that th … More e argument of Multiculturalism in USA is to search for a new principle of coexistence and to make a challenge to hidden "color line" in Cultural Pluralism. Secondly, I have investigated Multiculturalism controversy in France. With examination of discussions of Republicans who oppose Multiculturalism and arguments of "Multiculturalists", we can confirm that the former agrees to respect of cultural diversity on the one hand, and that the latter respects values of French Republic on the other. Then, both parties converge after controversy. In addition to this confirmation, we can say that, in practice of public policies, there are several multicultural policies in France; PACs, Parite, Regional languages and ZEP for example. And that in practice of these policies, a violation of values of French Republic is never indicated. But contrary to expectations, a distance between ideal value of Republic and actual policies is larger step by step. Be confronted by problems of European construction, French Republic may have a problem to be solved. Less