Does the host specific races of the common cuckoo evolve with the gene by the side of female lineages?

普通杜鹃分为宿主特异性种族（氏族）。每个种族的雌性都产下一种独特的卵，这种卵往往与宿主的卵相匹配。母系遗传的线粒体DNA在氏族之间存在分化，但核DNA的微卫星位点没有分化，这为氏族仅限于女性谱系提供了遗传学证据。这支持了最近的行为证据，即女性，而不是男性，常见的杜鹃专门针对特定的主机，并与影响杜鹃蛋类型的基因位于女性特定的W性染色体的可能性是一致的。我们在日本的研究结果也支持这些观点，但由于分离的祖先谱系的殖民化，日本的宿主种族并不那么清楚。

The common cuckoo is divided into host-specific races (gentes). Females of each race lay a distinctive egg type that tends to match the host's eggs. It was provided genetic evidence that gentes restricted to female lineages from the fact that there is differentiation between gentes in maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA, but not in microsatellite loci of nuclear DNA. This supports recent behavioural evidence that female, but not male, common cuckoos specialize on a particular host, and is consistent with the possibility that genes affecting cuckoo egg type are located on the female-specific W sex chromosome. Our results in Japan also supported these ideas, but the host races are not so clear in Japan, due to colonization by separated ancestral lineages.