Typological Studies on Morphosyntax of Formosan Languages

这项研究考察并描述了台湾原住民语言，即所谓的福尔摩沙语言的形态句法。特别是以鲁凯语为研究对象，鲁凯语在语音系统和作格方面与其他台湾语有很大不同。全文如下：(1)福尔摩沙语言概况收集包括日据时期台语的参考文献和著录，从语言学和社会语言学的角度考察福尔摩沙语言的特点。(2)对田野调查所得的语料进行分析与讨论：通过对田野调查所收集到的语料进行分析与讨论，得出鲁凯语在其他台语中的词形句法特征。(3)通过与其他菲律宾语种的比较，分析和讨论了台语的类型学。通过与其他菲律宾语种的比较，发现鲁凯语与其他台湾语及其他所谓的菲律宾语种的词形句法进行了比较，发现与其他语言不同的是，鲁凯语与其他语言不同缺乏菲律宾式的交替，表现为宾格式的语态系统。(4)理论方法试图从语态和作格的角度对台湾语言和其他所谓的菲律宾式语言进行统一的理论解释，这有待于从更广泛的角度结合其他南岛语言的研究进行进一步的研究。

This study examines and describes the morphosyntax of Taiwan aboriginal languages, so-called Formosan languages. In particular, the study centers around that of Rukai, which shows significant differences from other Formosan languages in terms of its voice system and ergativity. Below are the detailed description and results of the study.(1)Survey of Formosan languagesCollected reference and descriptive work on Formosan languages, including those of the Japanese occupation period, and surveyed their characteristics from both linguistic and sociolinguistic points of view. It turned out that Rukai, a comparatively minor language lacking its substantial description, shows significant typological differences from other Formosan languages in terms of voice system and ergativity(2)Analysis and discussion of the data collected through fieldwork:Analyzed and discussed the data collected through fieldwork by means of elicitation on morphosyntax of Rukai among other Formosan languages.(3)Typology of Formosan languages through comparison with other Philippine-type languagesBy comparing the morphosyntax of Rukai with other Formosan languages and other so-called Philippine-type languages, it turned out that Rukai, unlike other languages, lacks Philippine-type alternations and exhibits accusative-type voice system.(4)Theoretical approachAttempted at theoretical approach toward a unified account of Formosan languages and other so-called Philippine-type languages in terms of voice and ergativity, which awaits for further study from wider perspectives incorporating the study of other Austronesian languages.