A socio-political study of the dissemination of the polite knowledge printed in household encyclopedias in nineteenth century Japan

这项研究的重点一直是19世纪日本的家喻户晓的百科全书--《日本百科全书》和《固本百科全书》的庞大版本。对这些文本的全面分析表明，其中所印的礼貌知识涵盖了广泛的“礼貌”，甚至包括对非人类的礼貌。对保存在公共和私人档案馆中的约数百份进行了参考书目澄清，并对每一份的磨损模式进行了检查。在初步审查之后，讨论了这些书的用法的多样性。虽然之前的研究让横山敏郎能够完成对大约60份幸存的设代吉祥书底部表面磨损的计算机图形分析，但目前的研究给了他一个机会来回顾这种数字化方法。此外，这项研究还使研究者掌握了setsuyoshu和ozassho在全国范围内传播礼貌知识所起的积极中介作用，一方面是因为用户对礼仪优雅的理想越来越感兴趣，另一方面是因为他们希望避免任何竞争性的势利感。占星术和风水的五行学派中的泛神论信仰在《结代》和《大正》中描绘的宫廷文化痕迹中脱颖而出。这一信念的巨大灵活性和力量从所检查的副本的相关页面的磨损中可见一斑。这一发现促使学者们将这种被遗忘的文学体裁评为19世纪日本社会重要的文明元素之一。

The focus of this study has been the bulky editions of setsuyoshu and ozassho, the household encyclopedias of nineteenth century Japan. A comprehensive analysis of these texts has made clear that the polite knowledge printed in them covered a broad range of 'civility', including even that towards non-humans. Some hundred copies kept in public and private archives were bibliographically clarified, and an examination conducted into the mode of wear and tear of each copy. A discussion of the diversity of the usage of the books followed their initial examination. While prior research has enabled Yokoyama Toshio to complete a computer-graphic analysis of the wear and tear on the bottom surface of about 60 surviving copies of setsuyoshu, the current study has given him a chance to review that digitizing method. In addition, this study has enabled the researcher to grasp the active intermediary roles that setsuyoshu and ozassho played in disseminating polite knowledge nationwide, being, on the one hand, supported by the users' growing interest in an ideal of courtly elegance, and on the other, modified by their desire to avoid any competitive snobbery. A pantheistic belief in the Five-Elements school of astrology and geomancy stands out among the traces of court culture depicted in setsuyoshu and ozassho. The enormous flexibility as well as strength of this belief is evidenced in the wear and tear of the relevant pages of the copies examined. Such a discovery urges scholars to evaluate this forgotten genre of literature as one of the significant civilizing elements of nineteenth century Japanese society.