Quantitative evaluation on an affective process of the learner using physiological responses

这项研究的目的是利用生理反应来定量评估情感过程。我们进行了以下三项研究，以澄清在观看教育媒体时情绪变化与呼吸和心血管反应模式之间的关系。首先，我们开发了一套可靠地引发积极和消极情绪的电影剪辑。在评估了100多部电影后，我们选择了一些引发负面情绪的片段(Nega)和一些引发积极情绪的片段(POSI)。其次，我们进行了一个关于情绪电影片段对呼吸和心血管反应影响的实验。POSI和NEGA的每分钟通气量均显著增加。NEGA患者的平均血压显著升高，而POSI患者的心率显著减慢。这些结果表明，积极和消极的情绪有助于呼吸，而积极和消极的情绪会在心血管系统中引发不同的反应。最后，我们还进行了一项实验，以确定呼吸的自我控制是否可以改变情绪过程中的心血管和心理反应。结果表明，呼吸自我控制不会减少主观情绪反应，但可以有效地改变负性情绪时的心脏副交感抑制。

The purpose of this study was to evaluate an affective process quantitatively using physiological responses. We conducted following three studies to clarify the relationship between emotional changes during watching an educational media and patterning of respiratory and cardiovascular responses.Firstly, we developed a set of film clips that reliably elicit positive and negative emotions. After evaluating over 100 films, we selected some clips that elicited negative emotions (NEGA) and some clips that elicited positive emotions (POSI).Secondly, we conducted one experiment concerning about the effects of emotional film clips upon respiratory and cardiovascular responses. Minute ventilation significantly increased for both POSI and NEGA. The mean blood pressure significantly increased in NEGA, whereas the heart rate significantly slowed in POSI. These results suggest that positive and negative emotions facilitate ventilation, and that positive and negative emotions elicit different responses in the cardiovascular system.Finally, we also conducted an experiment to determine whether self-control of breathing can alter cardiovascular and psychological reactivity during emotions. The results suggested that self-control of breathing did not reduce subjective emotional responses but can be effective in altering cardiac parasympathetic inhibition during negative emotions.