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Ecological genetic studies on in-situ conservation of plant genetic resources in disturbed habitats

受干扰生境植物遗传资源就地保护的生态遗传学研究

基本信息

批准号：
15310161
负责人：
YAMAGUCHI Hirofumi
金额：
$ 7.87万
依托单位：
Osaka Prefecture University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15310161/
关键词：
wild genetic resources cultivated plants gene-flow ecological genetics SNP フィールド調査自生地保全

项目摘要

In order to obtain the fundamental knowledge on in-situ conservation of plant genetic resources, field scientific approach, molecular phylogenetic approach and population biological approach were applied for describing the genetic and biological diversity of plants grown under disturbance. In East Asiatic plant species, we confirmed the association of dwarf type weedy oats in Yu-mai (naked oats) field in Yunnan, China, habitat segregation of Ceratotropis species (large or small population construction habit), adaptation to annual from perennial in a particular habitat in Echinochloa species, on-situ conservation of vulnerable species in traditional home garden, semi-cultivation of wild water pepper by expedition-base-survey on habitats of the wild relatives of cultivated plants. We developed SSR and SNP markers which are useful for ecological genetic study on ruderals. In phylogenetic studies, we determined geographical distribution of chloroplast DNA SNPs in Lilium, relationship of intertaxa of Symplocos, Aster ageratoides complex, Vitaceae species, Raphanus, Triticum-Aegilops complex, Cicer and diversity of SSR and ITS in Glycine and Echinochloa. In population dynamic studies, we characterize genetic diversity of natural populations under disturbance in wild azuki, wild soybean, Imperata, and composite species. We evaluated character state on each trees and/or geographical distribution and concluded that evolution of the traits unique to disturbed environment is fast with interaction between cultivated plant and its wild counterparts. In in-situ conservation of wild genetic resources, it is very important to gather the information on the genetic diversity created in prehistoric time, recent adaptation to habitat and maintenance mechanism of population

为了获得植物遗传资源就地保护的基础知识，采用野外科学方法、分子系统学方法和种群生物学方法对受干扰植物的遗传多样性和生物多样性进行了描述。在东亚植物种中，我们证实了矮秆型杂草燕麦在玉麦的关联云南省裸燕麦田角豆属植物的生境分离（大或小种群的建筑习性），从多年生适应到一年生在特定生境中的稗属物种，就地保护传统家庭花园中的脆弱物种，野生水椒的半人工栽培--考察基地--栽培植物野生近缘种生境调查。本研究开发的SSR和SNP标记可用于杂草的生态遗传学研究。在系统发育研究中，我们确定了百合属植物叶绿体DNA SNPs的地理分布，山矾属、三脉紫菀复合群、葡萄科、萝卜属、小麦-山羊草复合群、鹰嘴豆属植物的分类群间的亲缘关系，以及大豆属和稗属植物的SSR和ITS多样性。在种群动态研究中，我们对野生Azuki、野生大豆、白茅和菊科植物在干扰下的自然种群的遗传多样性进行了表征。我们评估了每棵树的性状状态和/或地理分布，并得出结论，随着栽培植物与野生植物之间的相互作用，受干扰环境所特有的性状的进化很快。在野生遗传资源的就地保护中，收集史前时期创造的遗传多样性、近期对生境的适应和种群的维持机制等信息是非常重要的