Expression and involvement of the novel extracellular -matrix-degrading enzymes ADAMTS during osteogenesis and bone regeneration.

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ADAMTS is a family of novel enzymes that degrade extracellular matrx molecules. This research project studied expression of ADAMTS and proteoglycans, which are putative substrates for ADAMTS, during osteogenesis and bone regeneration, tooth eruption and root formation, and cartilage development. Embryonic and postnatal rat bone, cartilage and teeth were examined using RT-PCR, in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry.We investigated expression of the ADAMTS family and versican in the process of osteogenesis and bone development by RT-PCR and in situ hybridization in 2003. The expression of ADAMTS 1, 4, 5 and versican was identified in a certain population of osteoblasts that are flat in shape. ADAMTS 1, 4, 5 and versican were also localized in dental pulp cells, odontoblats, cementoblasts, cementocytes, periodontal ligament cells, osteoblasts and osteocytes during tooth eruption and root formation in 2004. Chondrocytes were shown to express ADAMTS1, 4, 5 together with their putative substrate, aggrecan, in developing cartilage in 2005. We have already started a new experiment to investigate expression of ADAMTS and versican during bone regeneration using our original rat experimental model and recognized that ADAMTS 1 is expressed characteristically.The present study demonstrated that ADAMTS 1, 4, 5 and their putative substrate of proteoglycans, such as versican and aggrecan, are expressed by ostoblasts, osteocytes, dental pulp cells, odontoblasts, cementoblasts, cementocytes, periodontal ligament cells and chondrocytes. The expression of the ADAMTS family was shown to correlate with that of the proteoglycans. The results suggest that these cells degrade the proteoglycans by expressing and secreting ADAMTS as well as produce the proteoglycans that constitute important parts of the extracellular matrix.