The development of the local residents' autonomy and the emerging of the ‘civil society' in Thailand

1.项目会议我们在三年的项目期间举行了十次会议。此外，2005年12月18日在同志社大学举行了一次公开大会，邀请了来自泰国的演讲嘉宾，即曼谷市政府官员Jinda Imporn女士，还邀请了同志社大学社会学系教授Manabu Ajisaka先生作为嘉宾评论员。成员们还在会上报告了研究结果。2.取得了一定的研究成果。在为期三年的项目期间，进行了五次实地调查。调查结果表明：自20世纪90年代初以来，曼谷都市管理局（BMA）实施了一种新的居民自治制度--“春川制度”，如果该制度能在当地得到广泛的认可，显然当地社会的某种程度的成熟（达到所谓的“公民社会”的水平）是必不可少的。 ...更多信息 将有效发挥作用。就曾是农村地区的忠川A而言，由于长期处于内政部地方行政体系的最底层，长期以来习惯于“上意下意”式的“主仆制”，一直受各省管辖。在Chumchon A，这一形象是由“Kamnan-Rumyai baan系统”和他们的强有力的领导实现的。由于村民们倾向于在传统语境中理解新的春川体制，他们认为春川体制下的新领导人缺乏领导力。事实上，随着非农民数量的增加，以及许多新移民进入社区，社区不再是一个单一的社区，无论是种族，职业还是收入。目前，农村社区失去了团结性，在组织自治社区的能力上明显不如城市中产阶级居住区。另一方面，在春川B，主要由城市中产阶级或中产阶级以下的人组成，尽管可以说委员会从最初成立以来就得到了有效的管理，以便与真实的房地产公司谈判解决住宅区的问题。虽然，随着问题似乎逐渐得到解决，出现了一批人，他们分享了“传统”的思维方式，认为委员会是某种“有利可图”的职位。这种倾向于把地位和利益联系在一起的思想日益强烈，导致了在2005年8月的委员会选举中，老的和原有的委员们严重失败的结果。对于这种“新”的反应在研究点上，需要今后继续观察。对于迅速膨胀的城市中产阶级来说，一个新的区域社会形成的过程似乎在重复曲折地摸索着“泰”式的城市自治和“泰”式市民社会的形成。少

1.Project meeting We held ten times of the meetings for the project period of three years. Moreover, on December 18, 2005, we had an open big meeting at Doshisha University, inviting a guest speaker from Thailand, that is Ms. Jinda Imporn, who is a Bangkok Metropolitan government officer, also inviting Mr. Manabu Ajisaka (Professor, Faculty of Sociology, Doshisha University) as a guest commentator. The results obtained from the research were also reported by the members at that meeting. 2.Achieved result of research. Five times field researches were done for the three years' period of the project. Findings obtained as a result of investigation are as follows ; The Chumchon system, a new residents' self governance system has been enforced by BMA (Bangkok Metropolitan Administration) since the beginning of 1990's, and it seems apparent a certain level maturity of the local society as a acceptance (attainment at the level of so-called ‘civil society') will be indispensable if the system w … More ill be functioned effectively. As the case of Chumchon A, an former rural area, since it has long been in the bottom of local administration system of the Ministry of Interior, and has been accustomed to "The above mind under" type of "patron - client system" be under the provinces jurisdiction for a long time. At Chumchon A, that image is materialized by the "Kamnan-Phuyai baan system" with their strong leadership. Since the villagers' tend to understand the new Chumchon system in that traditional context, they think the new leaders under the Chumchon system are deficient of the leadership. Actually, as the number of non-farmers increases, and the many newcomers migrates in the community, the community is no more a homogeneous community in the point of ethnicity, occupation, nor income. The rural community, nowadays, lose its unity, and is apparently more incompetent than these urban middle class residential area on the ability to organize self-autonomous community. On the other hand, in Chumchon B, mainly consisted of urban middle-middle or lower middle class, though it can be said that the committee has been managed efficiently since it originally has been formed in order to negotiate with the real estate company to solve the problems of the residential area. Though, as the problems seemed to be solved gradually, there has emerged the group, those share the ‘traditional' way of thinking to consider the committee as some kind of ‘profitable' post. That kind of thinking that is tend to connect the position with the profit has been stronger day by day, and it caused the result that the old and original members of the committee has severely being defeated on the election of the members of the committee at August, 2005. On these kind of ‘new' reaction at the research cite, it is required to keeping observing from now on. As for the rapid expanding urban middle class, the process of a new regional social formation seems to repeat meandering to grope for the "Thai" type of urban self-autonomy and formation of "Thai" type of civil society. Less