Factors inhibiting livestock development at small scale farms in the three Southern African countries

这项研究的目的是查明阻碍南部非洲地区马拉维、坦桑尼亚和赞比亚小规模农民畜牧业发展的因素，并向本国政府和援助机构提出切实可行的畜牧业发展战略。海外合作者是马拉维大学动物科学系(马拉维)、索科内农业大学兽医公共卫生和动物科学系(坦桑尼亚)和赞比亚大学疾病控制和动物科学系(赞比亚)的研究人员。作为结果，他们建议：1)发展饲养相关活动的能力，如在马拉维维持种畜和培训种马饲养者；2)改进坦桑尼亚国家和农场一级的动物健康信息系统；3)通过收集自己的牲畜相关数据，开展农民参与性研究，以改善赞比亚的畜群管理；作为小型农场一级畜牧业发展的主要目标领域。日本研究人员从减贫和农村发展的角度探讨了畜牧业的重要作用。例如，福田建议在马拉维引进珍珠鸡和绒山羊作为新品种，以获得额外的现金收入。另一方面，主要由海外合作者撰写的报告被印刷成教材/教科书，供三个国家使用。两名海外合作者应邀到日本参加研讨会，以更好地了解非洲畜牧业的现状。此外，研究成果还被用于日本国际协力事业团(JICA)在赞比亚的动物健康推广项目和JICA为马拉维专家准备的小型反刍动物培训计划。

The objective of the study was to identify factors inhibiting livestock development for small scale farmers in Malawi, Tanzania and Zambia of the Southern African region and to propose practical strategies for livestock development to both their own governments and aid agencies. Overseas collaborators were researchers from Department of Animal Science, University of Malawi (Malawi), Departments of Veterinary Public Health and Animal Science, Sokoine University of Agriculture (Tanzania) and Departments of Disease Control and Animal Science, University of Zambia (Zambia). As results, they proposed ; 1) capacity development for breeding related activities such as maintaining seed stock and training stud breeders in Malawi ; 2) improving animal health information system both at national and farm levels in Tanzania ; and 3) practicing farmer participatory research by collecting own livestock related data in order to improve herd management in Zambia ; as the primary targeted areas for livestock development at the small scale farm level. Japanese researchers discussed on important role of livestock from the viewpoints of poverty reduction and rural development. For example, Fukuta suggested introduction of guinea fowls and fleece goats as new breeds for an extra cash income in Malawi.On the other hand, reports mainly written by overseas collaborators were printed as teaching material/textbook for the use in three countries. Two overseas collaborators were invited to Japan and participated in seminars for better understanding current situations in animal agriculture in Africa. In addition, research results were utilized into Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) animal health extension project in Zambia and JICA small ruminant training program preparation for Malawian experts.