Study for genetic diversity of 'uzu'semi-dwarfbarley varieties in evolutionary, morphological and physiological aspects.

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In order to dissect the diversity of semi-dwarf barley variety 'uzu' in evolutionary, morphological and physiological aspects , we analyzed the genetic diversity of barley uzu varieties from three view points:(1) phylogeny of 'uzu' accessions,(2) genetic dissection of the 'uzu' accession specific morphological trait including the emergence of projection on coleoptile under high temperature condition, and (3) the physiological diversity of tissue culture traits including callus growth and shoot regeneration capacity. Results from these studies are:(1) Phylogeographic analysis of five nuclear loci and morphological assessment of two traits in 282 barley accessions including 19 wild barley lines reveal that landraces distributed in South and East Asia are genetically distinct from those in 'Occidental' region. The six 'uzu' accessions investigated in this study possessed almost same haplotype among the five loci. These evidence strongly indicated that the origin of 'uzu' accessions was si … More ngle mutation even.(2) One of the 'uzu'-specific morphological traits, the emergence of projection on coleoptile under high temperature germination condition, is caused by ectopic cell division of coleoptiles apart from embryo genesis. Evaluation of this trait among 266 'uzu' accessions and segregation analysis of five F2 populations indicate that genetic factor (s) concerning to this character are genetically diverse within 'uzu' accessions. As the result of diallel analysis using 10 x 10 half diallel table, it is suggested that this trait is controlled by several additive genes.(3) Effects of exogenous auxin and cytokinin on the emergence of projection on coleoptile were examined in three independent isogenic lines of barley with uzu gene. Although the emergence of projection was reduced in uzu lines under low temperature condition, both auxin and cytokinin enhanced the emergence of projection. These results indicate that auxin and cytokinin regulate the emergence of projection. These results indicate that auxin and cytokinin regulate the emergence of projection on coleoptile Less