Clinical approach of cancer of the esophagus specific treatment based on an individualization of a gene expression pattern

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We investigated the immunoreactivity of E2F-1,DARPP-32,CyclinD1, and PEDF in 122 patients with esophageal squamous cell cancer. (ESCC) Subsequently, we analyzed the correlation between the gene expression and clinicopathological features. Overexpression of E2F-1 or CyclinD1 correlatesd with tumor progression and s worse prognosis after surgery in ESCC. Moreover, we performed a mufti-institutional analysis of E2F-1 and cyclinD1 expression in patients with ESCC. E2F-1/cyclinD1(-/-) tumors correlated with reduced tumor progression. DARPP-32 expression was hardly seen in normal esophageal mucous and dysplasia, but it arised after a phase of dysplasia in ESCC. However, patients with DARPP-32 positive tumor showed a favorable prognosis. Expression of t-DARPP, which is one of DARPP isoforms, was not seen in ESCC. PEDF expression was seen in normal esophageal mucous and its expression in ESCC inversely correlated with the malignant features. Downregulation of PEDF correlated with lymph nodal metastasis. Then, genetic diagnoses of E2F-1,DARPP-32,CyclinD1, and PEDF expressions would be useful to assess the malignancy of ESCC. Moreover, since secreted PEDF from cells suppresses the growth and the migration of surrounding vascular endothelial cells, PEDF gene therapy may provide a new approach for treatment of cancer.