Investigation on mechano-receptor in the cell using rat periodontal ligament

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The purpose of this research was to establish the animal experiment model for the investigation of periodontal ligament response to the dynamic stress, and to find mechano-receptor in the periodontal ligament cells that convert a physical stress of occlusal load to a biochemical signal.In 2004, we tried to establish an animal model. Through bonding 1 mm in diameter wire to the rat upper molar, histological changes in periodontal ligament could be investigated that was simulating occlusal trauma. As a result, the time that the periodontal ligament converted from the destruction process to the regenerative process was able to be retrieved in detail.In addition, we selected several kinds of proteins related to the bone, and immunohistochemistry was done using the antibody to these. As a result, the production of Osteopontin was up regulated in osteoclasts. Then we tried to find RANKL production because it is thought to be working as the upstream cytokine, but we could not. This means there might be a specific pathway through which Osteopontin production is controlled.In 2005 and 2006, we investigated histological changes of periodontal ligament under no loading condition. Because loading machine was not available, we selected the temperature stimulus instead of mechanical stimulation. As a result, the common feature of a temperature and mechanical stimulation cannot be found. Further study is required to compare these more precisely.In 2007, we tried to establish animal model that enables us to investigate thermal influences to the periodontal ligament, but we could not achieve because we could not fabricate a handy device for this purpose. Further study is necessary.