A study on the public transport policy that has positive social benefit and negative operator profit

被认为是亏损的公共交通项目往往可以产生积极的社会效益。这类项目不能由运营商自行决策来实施，需要构建一种机制来推进这些项目。本研究首先从理论和实践上分析了此类问题产生的原因。其次，结合一些大都市地区的实际情况，分析了解决这一问题的途径。最后，通过构建考虑社会效益的机制来提高公共交通的服务水平。

Public transport projects which are considered to be deficit can often have positive social benefit. This kind of projects can not be carried out by operators own decision and it is necessary to construct a mechanism to advance these projects.This research first analyze why this kind of problems occur theoretically and practically. Next the way that we can measure such problem is analyzed, by referencing some metropolitan area. Finally, we show that service level of public transportation can be raised by constructing a mechanism which considers the social benefit.