A Study of Theories and Methods to Measure EFL Listening Comprehension Skills with Special Reference to the National Center Test

本研究从提问形式和提问内容两个方面对听力理解测试进行了研究。对韩国东京大学全国中心考试、托业考试和大学学业能力倾向测验（CSAT）的听力理解部分进行了比较和批判性讨论。结果发现，CSAT精心挑选的段落，以便他们可以是最适合的，以检查是否听者可以利用某种类型的听力理解策略，如处理数字，抓住话语的主题等。为了比较TOEIC和CSAT的成绩，将CSAT听力理解测试的所有部分，即说明、选项短语和句子，都翻译成日语，以便没有学习过韩语的日本EFL学习者参加CSAT考试。TOEIC和CSAT分数之间存在显著的高度相关性（r=0.74（p=0.000））。托业考试的分数被观察到比从相同的听众那里获得的CSAT的分数变化更大。这意味着托业可以更详细地区分学习者的熟练程度。然而，CSAT可以提供更多的诊断信息，即每个学习者可以使用哪种类型的听力理解策略，以及他或她不能使用哪种类型。在这项研究中，如何听力理解测试的生产和管理在西班牙也进行了检查。与我们的预期相反，西班牙的英语教学仍在发展中，听力理解测试似乎不像韩国那样复杂。

In this study major listening comprehension tests were examined in terms of questioning formats and contents. Listening comprehension test parts of the National Center Test, University of Tokyo, TOEIC and the College Scholastic Aptitude Test (CSAT) in Korea were compared and critically discussed. It was found that CSAT has carefully selected passages so that they can be the most suitable to examine if listeners can utilize a certain type of listening comprehension strategy such as dealing with numbers, grasping the topic of the utterance and so forth. In order to compare the results of TOEIC and CSAT, all parts of CSAT listening comprehension tests written in Korean, namely, directions, option phrases and sentences, were translated into Japanese so that Japanese EFL learners who had not learned Korean could take CSAT. Significantly high correlation was found between the TOEIC and CSAT scores (r=0.74 (p=0.000)). The TOEIC scores were observed to be more varied than those of CSAT obtained from the same listeners. This implies that TOEIC can distinguish learners' proficiency levels in more detailed ways. However, CSAT can provide more diagnostic information on which type of listening comprehension strategy each learner can make use of and which type he or she cannot. In this study how listening comprehension tests are produced and administered in Spain were also examined. Contrary to our expectation, teaching English in Spain is found to be still developing, and listening comprehension tests seem not to be as sophisticated as those developed in Korea.