A Study of Theories and Methods to Measure EFL Listening Comprehension Skills with Special Reference to the National Center Test

在这项研究中，主要的听力测试从提问形式和内容方面进行了考察。对东京大学托业国家中心考试和韩国大学能力倾向考试(CSAT)的听力理解部分进行了比较和讨论。研究发现，CSAT对文章进行了精心的选择，以便最适合测试听者是否能够使用某种类型的听力理解策略，如处理数字、掌握话语主题等。为了比较托业考试和CSAT考试的结果，用韩语编写的CSAT听力理解测试的所有部分，即方向、选项短语和句子，都被翻译成日语，以便没有学过韩语的日本EFL学习者可以参加CSAT考试。托业和CSAT成绩之间存在显著的相关性(r=0.74(p=0.000))。据观察，托业考试的成绩比CSAT考试的成绩差异更大。这意味着托业考试可以更详细地区分学习者的熟练程度。然而，CSAT可以提供更多关于每个学习者可以使用哪种类型的听力理解策略以及不能使用哪种类型的听力理解策略的诊断信息。在这项研究中，还考察了听力理解测试在西班牙的制作和实施情况。与我们的预期相反，西班牙的英语教学仍在发展中，听力理解测试似乎没有韩国开发的那么复杂。

In this study major listening comprehension tests were examined in terms of questioning formats and contents. Listening comprehension test parts of the National Center Test, University of Tokyo, TOEIC and the College Scholastic Aptitude Test (CSAT) in Korea were compared and critically discussed. It was found that CSAT has carefully selected passages so that they can be the most suitable to examine if listeners can utilize a certain type of listening comprehension strategy such as dealing with numbers, grasping the topic of the utterance and so forth. In order to compare the results of TOEIC and CSAT, all parts of CSAT listening comprehension tests written in Korean, namely, directions, option phrases and sentences, were translated into Japanese so that Japanese EFL learners who had not learned Korean could take CSAT. Significantly high correlation was found between the TOEIC and CSAT scores (r=0.74 (p=0.000)). The TOEIC scores were observed to be more varied than those of CSAT obtained from the same listeners. This implies that TOEIC can distinguish learners' proficiency levels in more detailed ways. However, CSAT can provide more diagnostic information on which type of listening comprehension strategy each learner can make use of and which type he or she cannot. In this study how listening comprehension tests are produced and administered in Spain were also examined. Contrary to our expectation, teaching English in Spain is found to be still developing, and listening comprehension tests seem not to be as sophisticated as those developed in Korea.