process of Adhesion to the EU by Bulgaria and Poland - role of privatization and FDI

在中东欧经济转型国家中，保加利亚加入欧盟的时间推迟了三年。尽管在1996-97年的货币和经济危机之后，保加利亚通过一系列改善政策实现了经济复苏，但其经济状况以及在政治和社会领域的转型表现仍未达到欧盟接受其加入的标准。私有化已在一定程度上实现，但外国直接投资的流入直到2000年代初才令人满意。这两个因素与其他因素相互联系，使她能够推动转型和经济增长的进程。保加利亚在2003年至2008年以及2007年初加入欧盟后，经济增长显著，保持了稳定的增长趋势，宏观经济比重稳定，但仍存在许多问题需要改善。在货币和金融领域，保加利亚保留了1998年采用的货币发行局制度，稳定了通货膨胀和国家预算，但经常帐户赤字仍在扩大。基础设施。经济和社会部门不充分，政治上的非法事件阻碍了正常的经济活动。在某种意义上类似于发展中国家的转型国家有一些障碍和障碍，但由于它们不断的改进努力取得了丰硕的成果，它们可以获得乐观的前景。

Among the transition economic countries in the Central &Eastern Europe, the Bulgaria has been delayed by three years for adhesion to the EU. Even though after the monetary &economic crisis in 1996-97 the Bulgaria has achieved the economic recovery by several improvement policies, the economic conditions as well as the transition performance in the political and social fields have not satisfied the criteria of EU to accept her adhesion. The privatization has been realized to some extent but the inflow of FDI has not been satisfactory until the beginning of 2000 decade. These two elements inter-related each other together with other elements have enabled her to advance the progress of transition and economic growth. Bulgaria has showed the remarkable growth after 2003 until 2008 and after the adhesion to the EU in the beginning of 2007, kept the steady growth tendency with stable macro economic ratio, but still remained many problems to be improved.In the monetary and financial fields, Bulgaria keeping the currency board system adopted in 1998 has stabilized the inflation and national budget but remained the widening deficit of current account.Infrastructures in. economic and social sector are not sufficient and in the politics the illegal affaires hinder the normal economic activities. The transition countries similar to the developing countries in a sense have several handicaps and barriers but could obtain an optimistic perspective with the fruitful results of their successive improvement efforts.