Basal Verification of the Renal Rehabilitation to Establish Evidence

实验1采用Wistar-Kyoto （WKY）大鼠进行5/6肾切除术（5/6-NX），测定5/6-NX大鼠血浆支链氨基酸（BCAA）浓度。血浆BCAA浓度明显低于正常大鼠。另一方面，当给予BCAA超过0.375g/kg时，5/6-NX大鼠血浆BCAA浓度恢复正常。实验2，WKY大鼠给予5/6-NX，分为7组，按以下处理：1)5/6-NX不运动(C)；2) 5/6-NX不运动并给予BCAA （0.375g/kg/天）(B)；3) 5/6-NX不运动，服用缬沙坦（10mg/kg/天）(V)；4) 5/6-NX，跑步机以20m/min速度跑60min/天，5天/周(E)；5) V + E;6) V + E + B;7)假手术无运动(S)。然后给大鼠治疗12周。定期测量收缩压（SBP）和24小时尿蛋白排泄量（UP）。治疗开始12周后测定血清肌酐（Scr）和尿素氮（BUN）。切除比目鱼肌，测定肌纤维类型。C组患者SBP、UP、Scr、BUN均显著高于S组。另一方面，V组和V+E组的收缩压和UP以及E组的收缩压均明显低于C组。其中，V+E+B组的SBP、UP、Scr及比目鱼肌1型纤维比例均显著优于C组。上述结果提示，长期运动、缬沙坦和BCAA同时治疗慢性肾衰竭模型大鼠具有良好的控制血压、保护残肾和提高运动耐受性的作用。

In experiment 1, Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats were subjected to 5/6-nephrectomy (5/6-NX), and the plasma concentration of branched amino acid (BCAA) of 5/6-NX rats was measured. The plasma BCAA concentration was significantly lower than that in the normal rats. On the other hand, the plasma BCAA concentration of 5/6-NX rats was normalized when we administered BCAA more than 0.375g/kg.In experiment 2, WKY rats were subjected to 5/6-NX, and were assigned to seven groups, according to the following treatments: 1) 5/6-NX without exercise (C); 2) 5/6-NX without exercise and receiving BCAA (0.375g/kg/day) (B); 3) 5/6-NX without exercise and receiving valsartan (10mg/kg/day) (V); 4) 5/6-NX with treadmill running at a speed of 20m/min for 60min/day, 5days/week (E); 5) V+E; 6) V+E+B; 7) sham operation without exercise (S). The rats were then treated for 12 weeks. The systolic blood pressure (SBP) and 24-hour urinary excretion of protein (UP) were measured at regular intervals. Twelve weeks after the initiation of treatments, the serum creatinine (Scr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were measured. The soleus muscles were removed and the muscle fiber type was determined.The SBP, UP, Scr and BUN in the C group were significantly higher than those in the S group. On the other hand, the SBP and UP in the V and V+E groups and the SBP in the E group were significantly lower than those in the C group. Particularly, the SBP, UP, Scr and proportion of type-1 fiber in soleus muscle in the V+E+B group were significantly better than those in the C group.These results suggest that the simultaneous treatment of long-term exercise, valsartan and BCAA has effects to control blood pressure well, and to protect the remnant kidney, and to improve exercise tolerability in a rat model of chronic renal failure.