Development of surface modification method of titanium implant for rapid bone-bonding

结果表明，用10-20mmol/L氯化钙水溶液在200℃下对种植体进行水热处理，可在种植体表面形成含少量钙的氧化钛膜，促进骨样磷灰石的生成，促进成骨细胞的初始附着和增殖。将经10-20mmol/L氯化钙水溶液水热处理的钛种植体植入大鼠胫骨，观察种植体与骨的连接情况。结果显示，种植1周、2周和4周后，高值骨接触率分别为55%（未治疗组为5.7%）、86%（未治疗组为19.2%）和96%（未治疗组为57%）。结缔组织不介入骨和种植体之间，直接接触的存在率很高。因此，这种处理方法从种植初期就能获得较高的粘结强度。为了检测钛种植体与骨的结合强度，将经氯化钙溶液水热处理的种植体标本植入大鼠胫骨，并进行拔牙试验。使用氯化钙溶液的水热处理钛种植体在植入后1周和4周的结合强度分别为1N/mm^2和1.7N/mm^2，并且可以明显看出，1周后水热处理样品的强度与4周后未处理样品的强度相等。该处理有望成为划时代的表面改性方法，具有“早期的微运动阻力”、“早期的载荷可能性”、“大幅缩短愈合周期的可能性”、“高结合强度的表达”。

The authors found that the titanium oxide film which contained small amount Ca in the implant surface was formed by hydrothermal-treating a titanium implant with 10-20mmol/L calcium chloride aqueous solution at 200℃ and then that the generation of the bone-like apatite and initial attachment and proliferation of osteoblast cells were promoted. Moreover, the titanium implant which hydrothermal-treated in the calcium chloride aqueous solution of 10-20mmol/L was implanted in the tibia of the rat, and the connection condition of the implant and the bone was examined.It was shown that the bone-contact ratio was 55% (to be non-treated was 5.7%), 86% (to be non-treated was 19.2%), and 96% (to be non-treated was 57%) of high values after 1, 2, and 4 weeks implantation, respectively. The connective tissue did not intervene between a bone and an implant, and the direct-contact existed at the high rate. Therefore, it was suggested that this treatment was the method which obtained high bond-strength from the early stages after implantation.To examine the bonding strength between the titanium implant and the bone, the hydrothermal-treated implant specimen in calcium chloride solution was implanted in the tibia of the rat and pulling-out test was carried out. The bonding strength of hydrothermal-treatment titanium implant using calcium chloride solution indicated 1N/mm^2 and 1.7N/mm^2 for 1 and 4 weeks after implantation, respectively, and it became clear that the strength of hydrothermal-treated specimen after 1 week was equal to that of non-treated specimen after 4 weeks.This treatment could expect to be the epoch-making surface modification method, with "the resistance of micro-movement at the early stage", "possibility of the load at the early stage", "possibility of the substantial shortening of the healing-up period", and "expression of a high bonding-strength".