Development of Health Assessment Tool for Adolescents

人们越来越关注的是，近年来青少年生活方式的急剧变化与他们社会环境的变化有关，正在对他们的健康产生影响。因此，本研究旨在开发一种全面而简单地测量青少年健康状况的评估工具。首先，以Fender的个人客户健康评估的九个组成部分为基本框架，编制了问卷项目。此外，从作者以前的研究和文献综述中确定的三个原始组成部分作为影响青少年健康的因素被纳入草案，创建了一个由12个组成部分（89项）组成的概念框架。这一点以及关于人口概况的问题构成了调查表的基础。在仔细检查内容的有效性和进行试点研究，它是在两个初中，一个位于一个地区，另一个在日本的一个较大的城市管理。通过与被试自评结果和KINDL（儿童健康相关生活质量测量问卷）结果的比较，检验该问卷作为健康评估工具的同时效度，剔除项目与总体相关性低的项目。对其余的因子进行分析，提取了9个因子。他们分别被评为“支持家庭”、“心理健康”、“身体状况差”、“缺乏体力”、“性格外向”、“缺乏自制力”、“努力保持健康”、“健康的生活习惯”和“对性的兴趣”、“饮酒和吸烟”。重新测试的结果证实了该工具的稳定性，在所有上述因素中显示出较高的置信系数。结果中观察到的性别和地区差异是一致的，揭示了不同测试之间相似的因素结构。在次级类别中也看到了类似的性别和区域差异模式。

There is growing concern that dramatic changes in adolescent lifestyle associated with changes in their social circumstances in recent years are having an impact on their health. Thus, this study aimed to develop an assessment tool to measure the health condition of adolescents in a comprehensive yet simple manner.First, questionnaire items were drafted, using nine components of Fender's Health Assessment of the Individual Clients as a basic framework. In addition, three original components which were identified from the authors' preceding studies and a review of the literature as factors influencing adolescent health were incorporated into the draft, creating a conceptual framework comprised of 12 components (89 items). This, together with the questions on demographic profiles, formed the basis of the questionnaire. After carefully examining the content validity and conducting a pilot study, it was administered at two junior high schools, one located in a regional area, the other in a larger city in Japan. The concurrent validity of the questionnaire as a health assessment tool was examined by comparing the results with those of participants' self-assessment of their own health and KINDL (Questionnaire for Measuring Health-Related Quality of Life in Children).Items with low item-total correlation were excluded. Factor analysis performed on the rest resulted in the extraction of nine factors. They were named “supportive family", “mental health", “poor physical condition", “lack of physical strength", “outgoing personality", “lack of self-control", “efforts to stay healthy", “healthy living habits" and “interest in sex", “drinking and smoking". The results of re-tests confirmed the stability of the tool, showing high confidence coefficients in all of above factors. Gender and regional differences seen in the results were consistent, revealing similar factor structures across tests. Similar patterns of gender and regional differences were also seen in subcategories.