Development of Health Assessment Tool for Adolescents

人们越来越关切的是，青少年生活方式的巨大变化与近年来社会环境的变化有关，正在对他们的健康产生影响。因此，本研究旨在开发一种全面而简单的青少年健康状况评估工具。首先，以芬德个人客户健康评估的九个组成部分为基本框架，起草了问卷项目。此外，从作者先前的研究和文献回顾中确定的影响青少年健康的因素的三个原始组成部分被纳入草案，创建了一个由12个组成部分(89项)组成的概念框架。这一点与关于人口概况的问题一起构成了问卷的基础。在仔细检查了内容的有效性并进行了一项试点研究后，它在两所初中进行了管理，一所位于一个地区，另一所位于日本的一个更大的城市。问卷作为健康评估工具的同时效度通过与参与者对自身健康的自我评估和儿童健康相关生活质量测评问卷(Kindl)的结果进行比较，排除条目-总体相关性低的项目。对其余的进行因子分析，提取了9个因子。他们的排名依次为“支持家庭”、“心理健康”、“身体状况差”、“缺乏体力”、“性格外向”、“缺乏自制力”、“努力保持健康”、“健康的生活习惯”、“对性生活感兴趣”、“饮酒和吸烟”。重新测试的结果证实了该工具的稳定性，在上述因素中都显示出较高的置信度。结果中看到的性别和地区差异是一致的，在所有测试中显示出相似的因素结构。在子类别中也可以看到类似的性别和区域差异模式。

There is growing concern that dramatic changes in adolescent lifestyle associated with changes in their social circumstances in recent years are having an impact on their health. Thus, this study aimed to develop an assessment tool to measure the health condition of adolescents in a comprehensive yet simple manner.First, questionnaire items were drafted, using nine components of Fender's Health Assessment of the Individual Clients as a basic framework. In addition, three original components which were identified from the authors' preceding studies and a review of the literature as factors influencing adolescent health were incorporated into the draft, creating a conceptual framework comprised of 12 components (89 items). This, together with the questions on demographic profiles, formed the basis of the questionnaire. After carefully examining the content validity and conducting a pilot study, it was administered at two junior high schools, one located in a regional area, the other in a larger city in Japan. The concurrent validity of the questionnaire as a health assessment tool was examined by comparing the results with those of participants' self-assessment of their own health and KINDL (Questionnaire for Measuring Health-Related Quality of Life in Children).Items with low item-total correlation were excluded. Factor analysis performed on the rest resulted in the extraction of nine factors. They were named “supportive family", “mental health", “poor physical condition", “lack of physical strength", “outgoing personality", “lack of self-control", “efforts to stay healthy", “healthy living habits" and “interest in sex", “drinking and smoking". The results of re-tests confirmed the stability of the tool, showing high confidence coefficients in all of above factors. Gender and regional differences seen in the results were consistent, revealing similar factor structures across tests. Similar patterns of gender and regional differences were also seen in subcategories.