Adaptive foundations of group-bounded behavior

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We have demonstrated through a series of minimal group experiments that the proximate psychological mechanism to induce individuals to favor members of their own group is in reputation psychology including sensitivity to his or her reputation within his or her own group. By empirically demonstrating the operation of this reputation psychology, the findings in this study provide a strong support to the indirect reciprocity principle, as compared to group-selection principle, as the evolutionary foundation of the in-group favoring behavior commonly observed in human society.