Clarification of the mechanisms of regeneration of periodontal ligament using human clonal periodontal ligament progenitor cell line

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In this project, we have developed two clonal human periodontal ligament (PDL) stem/progenitor cell lines, and characterized them as cell elements responsible for PDL regeneration. Although both of cell lines expressed the same surface markers as bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, these cell lines specifically included Periostin and Scleraxis specific for PDL tissues. As scaffold elements, the materials containing calcium components effectively induced the differentiation of these two undifferentiated cell lines into cementoblastic/osteoblastic cells. Furthermore, as signaling elements, we clarified the efficacies of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor and Transforming Growth Factor-β1 in PDL regeneration. And Angiotensin II that played important roles in regulating cardiovascular systems was suggested to affect tissue regeneration valuably. We also disclosed the functions of PDL stem/progenitor cells, indicating that our developed cell lines secreted Nerve Growth Factor to induce the neural differentiation, and neural migration, and inhibit apoptosis of neural cells. These results suggested that PDL tissue regeneration was accomplished by combining these three elements functionally.